United States Supply Chain Alliances Formation:Progress,Types,and Prospects
Against the backdrop of increasing strategic competition between major countries and global challenges,the scope of alliances has gradually expanded from the conventional military sphere to global governance issues such as supply chains.After the 9/11 attacks,the United States witnessed an accelerated trend towards"alliance-based"international supply chain cooperation:elevating supply chain issues to the security level,identifying certain countries as sources of potential threats to supply chains,and collaborating with its allies to implement collective measures such as export controls,economic sanctions,and investment reviews targeting the supply chains of competitors.During the Biden administration,the United States developed a supply chain alliance framework aimed at achieving"collective resilience,"encompassing multiple regions,sectors,and links.There are significant variations in the types of commitments and institutional levels of U.S.supply chain alliances.Supply chain alliances that cover the Asia-Pacific region,target key emerging technologies such as semiconductors,and comprise members with strong economic and security ties to the United States usually exhibit operational commitments and higher levels of institutionalization.Supply chain alliances are part of the U.S.foreign policy for the middle class and an important tool to maintain its hegemonic position and strengthen strategic competition with China,exerting significant impacts on global supply chain stability,great power games,and the U.S.-China strategic competition.The U.S.supply chain alliances possess significant potential for further enhancement,and their prospects will be directly affected by the election results.
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