Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignancies threatening the health of elderly men.In re-cent years,immunotherapy has emerged as a new field in the treatment of PCa,aiming to kill tumor cells by activating the body's immune system.Cancer vaccines,as an important component of immunotherapy,occupy a unique position in the precise treatment of malignant tumors.PCa vaccines mainly include monocyte vaccines,dendritic cell vaccines,adeno-virus vaccines,polypeptide vaccines,and DNA/mRNA vaccines.Preventive vaccines such as HPV vaccines have been tested in clinical trials to reduce the risk of PCa.Therapeutic vaccines stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells,in-cluding dendritic cell vaccines,mRNA vaccines,and personalized vaccines.In addition,novel polypeptide vaccines and DNA vaccines are also under investigation,which offer better specificity and safety,providing new options for the treat-ment of PCa.
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