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绿色治理、技术进步与就业

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在经济低碳转型的背景下,如何实现企业绿色治理和就业增长的双赢成为现阶段中国发展面临的一个挑战.首先,构造包含重污染行业和非重污染行业的两部门模型,结合理论文献分析企业绿色治理影响就业的技术进步路径及其行业异质性;其次,利用上市企业环境信息披露数据构造公司绿色治理指数,并以2008-2020年沪深A股上市企业为研究样本,实证检验公司绿色治理水平对就业的影响效应及其作用机制.研究发现:(1)企业绿色治理水平与就业水平之间存在显著的正相关关系.(2)中介效应模型检验表明,技术进步是绿色治理促进就业增长的一个重要渠道.(3)分样本检验表明,绿色治理通过技术进步路径对重污染行业就业和非重污染行业就业产生的影响具有异质性,技术创新与技术效率的中介效应存在行业差异.其中,技术创新在重污染行业和非重污染行业均表现为遮掩效应,即技术创新会弱化绿色治理对就业的促进作用;技术效率仅在非重污染行业中存在部分中介效应,即绿色治理通过影响技术效率进而促进非重污染行业就业.因此,政府可以进一步完善企业绿色治理政策框架,推动企业开展绿色治理行动,实现就业增长和环境保护的双重红利;企业要在制定发展战略时充分考虑绿色治理对技术进步的负面影响;不同行业的企业要密切关注不同技术进步方式对就业的影响,确保绿色转型与就业增长协同发展.
Green Governance,Technical Progress and Employment
In the context of low-carbon economic transformation,achieving a win-win situation for corporate green governance and employment is currently a challenge for China's development. While existing literature predominantly addresses the influencing factors on employment and the economic and environmental benefits of adopting green governance,limited attention is given to its social benefits,particularly its impact on employment. This paper addresses this gap by analyzing the influence of green governance on employment through the lenses of social identity theory and cost theory. Further,the paper builds a two-sector model including the polluting and non-polluting industry to verify the technical progress mechanism between green governance and employment. The model analysis suggests that,technical progress is an important channel connecting green governance and employment,and the technical progress mechanism varies between the heavy pollution industry and non-heavy pollution industry.Empirically,utilizing firm-year financial and environmental data sourced from CSMAR and WIND databases,this study constructs a corporate green governance index employing the Janis-Fadner coefficient method. Total factor productivity is employed to gauge technical progress,with the DEA-Malmquist approach facilitating the decomposition of technical progress into technical and efficiency changes. Through OLS regression,the impact of green governance on employment is examined,with the mediating effect of technical progress tested.Empirical findings indicate a significantly positive relationship between corporate green governance and employment,with technical progress mediating this association.The conclusion is still valid after the robust test by considering the endogeneity of the model and replacing key variables. We also find a divergence between the mechanism of green governance impacting employment for the heavy pollution industry and non-heavy pollution industry. Specifically,technical change shows a suppression effect in all sectors,while efficiency change has a positive mediating effect in the non-heavy pollution industry.This study contributes to the literature on the following three aspects. Firstly,the study extends existing concerns of economic and environmental to social benefits of corporate green governance. Secondly,the study provides a theoretical explanation for the underlying mechanism of technical progress. Thirdly,the study examines the heterogeneous effects of green governance on employment between the heavy pollution industry and non-heavy pollution industry.In conclusion,this paper sheds light on how corporate green governance promotes employment and its mechanism,and provides valuable implications for enterprises and policymakers to implement green governance and promote high-quality development.

green transformationgreen governanceemploymenttechnical progresstechnical efficiency

危平、陈斌、赵允宁

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中南大学商学院,湖南长沙 410083

绿色转型 绿色治理 就业 技术进步 技术效率

国家自然科学基金青年项目湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目2022年湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题

7230325122A0001XSP22YBC401

2024

当代经济科学
西安交通大学

当代经济科学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.213
ISSN:1002-2848
年,卷(期):2024.46(3)
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