Scope of Benefits,Outside Options and the Effectiveness of ASEAN Political-Security Cooperation:An Institutional Logic
This article argues that differences in the effectiveness of ASEAN's political-security cooperation are rooted in the inherent institutional characteristics of ASEAN.Based on its loose organizational structure and the relatively strong agency of its member states,the outcomes of ASEAN's political-security cooperation are influenced by two key variables:the scope of benefits of and the outside options associated with specific cooperative initiatives.The extent to which the scope of benefits stemming from a particular cooperative initiative align with state interests determines the level of support from ASEAN member states for that initiative.Outside options,from the perspective of cost avoidance,determine the willingness of ASEAN member states to incur the costs necessary to promote institutional cooperation.The interaction between these two variables gives rise to four differentiated outcomes:"cooperation achieved,""cooperation rejected,""cooperation suspended,"and"cooperation downgraded."On the basis of this theoretical foundation,the article explores four sets of case studies which are selected to offer a controlled comparison of the various outcomes.
ASEAN"Talk Shop"Scope of BenefitsOutside OptionsInternational Institutional Cooperation
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