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中华先民虎神崇拜历史动因考

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虎属哺乳纲猫科,乃百兽之王,并被中华先民不断演绎为一种重要的文化形态与民俗现象,尤其是虎神崇拜引人注目,但是学界对其成因解释歧见甚多.利用王国维的"二重证据法",结合《说文解字》虎部字词、《诗经》等传世文献,证以"虎豕斗"系列地下出土考古文物,可窥悉人类迎虎、祭虎古礼的真实动因是老虎能捕食田豕、野鹿等农害,有效维护生态平衡,故被先民尊作农业的保护神.道家宗师庄子"虎狼,仁也"精彩命题的提出,更是凸显出"万物同齐""和而不同"等中国古典哲学特色,给当今世界构建人类命运共同体的普世价值馈赠了宝贵的知识经验、生存智慧,从而破译我们赖以根植的民族秘史.
A Study on the Historical Motivation of Tiger God Worship of Chinese Ancestors
The tiger,belonging to the mammalian class cat,is considered the king of beasts and has been continuously interpreted by the Chinese ancestors as an important cultural form and folk phenomenon. Particularly noteworthy is the worship of the tiger deity,but there are many differences in the explanation of its cause. Based on the double evidence method of Wang Guowei,the documents handed down such as Shuowen-Jiezi,Book of Songs and so on,and the unearthed archaeological artifacts related to the"tiger-pig struggle"series,we can find that the ancient rituals of worshiping and sacrificing to the tiger is motivated by its ability to prey on wild pigs,wild deer and other agricultural pests and thereby effectively maintain the ecological balance. Consequently,the tiger was revered by the ancestors as the protection god of agriculture. The wonderful proposition by the Taoist master ZhuangZi that"the instinct of tiger and wolf is benevolent"highlights the characteristics of Chinese classical philosophy such as"equality of all things"and"harmony in diversity". It also presents valuable knowledge and experience and survival wisdom to the universal values of building a community of human destiny in today's world,thus deciphering the secret of national history in which we are rooted.

the tigertiger god worshipShuowen-Jiezidouble evidence methodecological balance

黄交军、李国英

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贵阳学院文化传媒学院,贵州 贵阳,550005

贵阳市青岩贵璜中学,贵州 贵阳,550027

虎神崇拜 《说文解字》 "二重证据法" 生态平衡

2024

地方文化研究

地方文化研究

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.202
ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.12(2)