从技法到精神——宋南渡时期诗歌学杜的转向及其诗歌史意义
From Technique to Spirit——The Shift in Learning from Du Fu's Poetry During the Southern Song Dynasty and Its Significance in Poetry History
仲恒1
作者信息
摘要
靖康之变后宋人对杜诗的学习出现深刻的转向.北宋中期,王安石、苏轼于艺术形式与精神气格两个维度凝定宋人对杜甫典范地位的认知,进而划定宋人学杜方向;黄庭坚及其后学在创作实践中研磨杜诗法度、技巧,致使宋人之学杜偏至于艺术形式.宋室南渡,诗人们在时代巨变中视杜甫为异代知音,转而赓续杜诗精神.在表现内容方面,以诗存史;在情感内涵方面,呈现忧国伤时的忠义情操与仁民爱物的悲悯情怀;在艺术风格方面,以"诗心"对时代的感发凝铸沉郁苍凉之风;在创作理论方面,倡导发自本心地体认杜诗精神.南渡诗人经历时代巨变纷纷破而后立,取得较高的诗学成就,并促动杜甫实现在儒学话语体系中的"升格",进而沾丐后世.因此,这一转向使杜诗精神气格的弘扬于代际传承间并以螺旋轨迹上升,亦使宋诗学杜之谱系趋于完整,具备了重要的诗歌史价值.
Abstract
After the Jingkang Incident,there was a notable shift in the Song scholars'study on Du Fu's poetry.In the mid-Northern Song period,Wang Anshi and Su Shi established the recognition of Du Fu's exemplary status from both artistic form and spiritual temperament dimensions,thus leading the direction for Song scholars'study on Du Fu.Huang Tingjian and his followers focused on the techniques and methods in their creative practice,causing the study on Du Fu to lean towards artistic form.With the Southern Song Dynasty's move of capital,poets in the dramatic changes of the era saw Du Fu as a kindred spirit from a different age and continued the spirit of his poetry.In terms of content,they used poetry to record history;emotionally,they displayed loyalty and patriotism,along with compassion for the people.In artistic style,they cast a melancholic and solemn style that responded to the era with a poetic"heart".Theoretically,they advocated for an inner recognition of the spirit of Du Fu's poetry.This was the first time Du Fu's poetry permeated an entire era,with Southern Song poets achieving high poetic accomplishments and influencing later generations.This shift elevated Du Fu within the Confucian discourse.Consequently,this transition allowed the spirit and temperament of Du Fu's poetry to ascend in a spiral trajectory through generational transmission,making the Song dynasty's study on Du Fu more complete and valuable in the history of poetry.
关键词
南渡诗歌/杜诗/受容/精神/学杜转向Key words
Southern Song poetry/Du Fu/reception/spirit/shift in learning from Du Fu引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
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