Upscaling and modeling solute transport in aquifers with different connectivity
Numerical simulation of solute transport in heterogeneous aquifers is important for predicting the evolution of groundwater pollutants.Considering the calculation time and accuracy of the model,how to convert hydraulic conductivity ob-tained from small-scale measurements to model grid scale,i.e.,upscaling,is a key issue in the numerical simulation process.For aquifers with varied connectivity,this paper investigates the effects of upscaling on the accuracy and efficiency of solute transport by considering different upscaling methods,coarse grid sizes.For aquifers with different connectivity,the re-sults indicate that a upscaled model with a relative error less than 5%can be established in heterogeneous aquifers.However,improper selection of grid size or upscaling method can increase the error.The simple Laplace method is a superior upscaling method,especially for moderately connected aquifers.Grid size is the main factor affecting the accuracy of the upscaled mod-el,especially for highly connected aquifers.
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