极端天气冲击下应急电力支援的跨区域容量机制
Cross-Regional Capacity Mechanism for Emergency Power Support in Extreme Weather Events
吴梓凤 1袁家海 2张健 2张浩楠3
作者信息
- 1. 华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京市 102206
- 2. 华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京市 102206;新能源电力与低碳发展研究北京市重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京市 102206
- 3. 华北电力大学(保定)经济管理系,河北省 保定市 071003
- 折叠
摘要
在极端天气频发冲击电力安全的背景下,加快跨区域容量机制设计是提升电力系统应急支援能力、保障供电安全的有效途径.首先,阐述了极端天气对电力系统运行的影响以及容量机制在中国的推行情况,并基于跨区域供需理论,从机制边界与规则、容量补偿价格下限与上限以及责任惩罚机制三个方面丰富了跨区域容量机制的架构设计.其次,结合新进入成本、单位装机净收益以及失负荷价值指标构建跨区域应急电力支援容量价格计算模型.然后,分场景测算极端天气发生时,在电力市场环境下煤电机组参与跨区域应急电力支援的容量补偿价格的上下限.结果发现,容量补偿价格下限占煤电机组固定成本的比例约为30%～70%,与当前我国煤电容量电价机制设定的近中期容量电价收回固定成本比例(30%～50%)基本一致;随着失负荷期望的增加,容量补偿价格上限需上调,以此发出可靠容量不足的信号.最后,提出了完善电力容量服务机制的相关建议.
Abstract
The increasing frequency of extreme weather events pose significant challenges to power system security.The expedited development of cross-regional capacity mechanisms has emerged as an effective strategy to improve the emergency response capabilities of power systems and ensure a reliable power supply.First,the effects of extreme weather on power systems are discussed,followed by a review of pilot implementations of capacity mechanisms across various locations in China.Based on cross-regional supply and demand theory,the architectural design of the cross-regional capacity mechanism is enhanced by incorporating three critical components:mechanism boundaries and regulations,lower and upper bounds of the capacity compensation price,and frameworks for responsibility and penalties.Subsequently,a novel cross-regional emergency power support capacity price model is developed,integrating the cost of the new entry(CONE)model,net income per unit of installed capacity,and the Value of Lost Load indicator.Furthermore,a scenario-based analysis is applied to determine the lower and upper bounds of the capacity compensation price for coal-fired power units participating in cross-regional emergency power support within the electricity market during extreme weather conditions.The results indicate that the lower bound of the capacity compensation price represents 30%-70%of the fixed costs of a coal power unit,aligning with the short-to medium-term tariff structure outlined by China's present coal power capacity mechanism(30%-50%).The upper bound of the capacity compensation price must be adjusted upward to signal a capacity shortage,as reflected in the increasing loss of load expectation(LOLE).Finally,targeted recommendations for optimizing capacity mechanisms are presented.
关键词
极端天气/容量机制/跨区域配置/煤电机组/电力市场Key words
extreme weather/capacity mechanism/cross-regional configuration/coal power units/electricity market引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据