"双碳"背景下,为进一步降低微网系统碳排放量,提出了一种计及电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)协调充电及奖惩型阶梯碳交易机制的多微网综合能源系统低碳运行策略.首先提出了一种反映用户充电需求的动态紧迫性指标(dynamic urgency index,DUI),建立了以微网内总电负荷峰谷差最小为目标的EV协调充电模型;然后构建了两阶段电转气(power to gas,P2G)、分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)与热电联供(combined heat and power unit,CHP)单元协同运行模型;最后考虑多微网综合能源系统内存在电热交互,加入奖惩型阶梯碳交易机制(ladder-type carbon price mechanism with reword and punishment,LCPMRP)对系统碳排放量进行约束,进一步提高系统的低碳性与经济性.算例仿真表明,在考虑多微网间存在电能与热能交互情况下,LCPMRP可以改善系统的低碳经济运行效果;采用所提DUI对EV进行调度,在满足EV车主充电需求的同时降低了微网内总电负荷的峰谷差;引入两阶段P2G、DG与CHP协同运行模型,在减少微网内碳排放量的同时降低了CHP系统的热电耦合关系.
Multi-Microgrid System Optimization Scheduling Including Electric Vehicle Coordinated Charging and Reward and Punishment Ladder Carbon Trading
To further reduce the carbon emission of the microgrid system under the background of"dual carbon,"a low-carbon operation strategy of multi-microgrid integrated energy system is proposed,which accounts for the coordinated charging of electric vehicles(EVs)and the"reward and punishment"-type stepped carbon-trading mechanism.First,a dynamic urgency index(DUI)is proposed to reflect the charging demand of the user and a coordinated EV-charging model is established to minimize the peak-to-valley difference of the total electric load in the microgrid.Subsequently,a two-stage power-to-gas(P2G),distributed generation(DG)and combined heat and power unit(CHP)cooperative operation model is constructed.Finally,considering the electrothermal interactions in the multi-microgrid integrated energy system,a ladder-type carbon-price mechanism with reward and punishment(LCPMRP)is implemented to constrain the carbon emission of the system,thus further improving the low-carbon economy of the system.Simulation results show that the LCPMRP can improve the low-carbon economic operation of the system when considering the interaction between electric energy and heat energy in a multi-microgrid.The proposed DUI is used to schedule EVs,which satisfies the charging demand of EV owners and reduces the peak-valley difference of the total electric load in the microgrid.The introduction of the two-stage P2G,DG,and CHP cooperative operation model reduces carbon emission in the microgrid and weakens the thermoelectric coupling relationship of the CHP system.
integrated energy systemmulti-microgridelectric vehicles(EV)reward and punishment ladder carbon tradingmixed-integer linear optimization
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