U-shaped characteristics of technology proximity and knowledge spillovers between cities in China
Based on the perspective of knowledge spillover costs and benefits,this paper deeply explores the U-shaped characteristics of the impact of changes in technological proximity between cities on knowledge spillovers.This paper first uses Chinese urban patent data and patent citation data to analyze the changes in technology proximity and knowledge spillover levels between Chinese cities from 2008 to 2017.It is found that the average technology proximity and knowledge spillover levels between cities during the review period show a fluctuating upward trend.The increase in knowledge spillover levels in Chinese cities is mainly due to the de-crease in the number of city pairs with low knowledge spillover levels and the increase in the number of city pairs with medium-low knowledge spillover levels,showing a change in many city pairs from almost no know-ledge spillover to a small amount of knowledge spillover.Among them,patent cross-referencing occurs most frequently among cities such as Beijing,Shanghai,and Shenzhen,and among cities in the Yangtze River Delta,the Pearl River Delta,and provincial capitals such as Wuhan,Changsha,and Chengdu.Patent cross-referen-cing between these cities and Beijing,Shanghai,and Shenzhen is also relatively frequent,forming a know-ledge spillover concentration area with Beijing Shanghai Shenzhen as the core,including the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,and provincial capitals.The improvement in technological proximity between Chinese cities from 2008 to 2017 is mainly due to the significant increase in the number of high-tech neighboring cities,which shows a moderate to high level change in technological proximity between some cities.Based on the current situation analysis,this paper selects China from 2007 to 2018 as a sample period to empirically test the impact and mechanism of changes in technological proximity between cities on knowledge spillovers.The re-search results show that the level of technological proximity and knowledge spillovers between cities presents a U-shaped feature,that is,higher and lower technological proximity between cities contribute to promoting the occurrence of knowledge spillovers,However,there is less knowledge spillover between cities with medium technology proximity,resulting in medium technology proximity traps.Mechanism research has found that specialized technological exchange and cooperation between cities with high technological proximity can gen-erate explicit economies of scale,and cities can better understand,leam,and utilize each other's spillover knowledge,enhance the benefits of knowledge spillovers,and reduce the cost of knowledge spillovers.Differ-entiated technology exchange and cooperation between cities with lower technological proximity can generate scope economic benefits,without spending a lot of effort on information screening during the communication process.Knowledge spillover benefits are high and costs are low,thereby stimulating knowledge spillovers between cities.Relatively speaking,knowledge spillover benefits between cities with medium technology prox-imity are lower,and there are higher costs.The research conclusions of this article not only.help clarify the re-lationship between technology proximity and knowledge spillovers,further expand the relevant research literat-ure in this field,but also provide beneficial insights for effectively promoting collaborative innovation between cities and accelerating the construction of national innovation systems.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
