Characteristics of R&D-intensive enterprise pattern and agglomeration path based on fsQCA in China
Scientific and technological innovations is the primary driving forces for economic development in soci-ety.In the context of the new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,major countries and regions are experiencing increasingly fierce competition and strategic games in science and technology.Consequently,scientific and technological innovation has become a crucial means for nations worldwide to enhance their core com-petitiveness and navigate through these epochal changes.Enterprises constitute the principal agents of scientific and technological innovation,functioning both as the orchestrators and active participants in this arena.Notably,enter-prises with significant investment in research and development(R&D)—characterized by substantial scale and intens-ive R&D activities—have ascended as the central drivers of scientific and technological advancement in China.This paper employs regional spatial analysis and qualitative comparative analysis(QCA)to empirically investigate the spa-tiotemporal patterns and industrial characteristics of R&D-intensive enterprises in China.Furthermore,it delves into the formation mechanisms of these enterprises using QCA.Firstly,the study reveals that China's R&D-intensive en-terprises are increasingly expanding into the central and western regions of China,exacerbating regional devel-opment disparities.Concurrently,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,the Yangtze River Delta,and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have emerged as the principal spatial hubs for enterprise innovation.Secondly,the analysis indicates a marked differentiation in the industrial development of R&D-in-tensive enterprises,with the Information and Communication Technology(ICT)sector emerging as the pivotal area of focus.Moreover,distinct science and technology innovation regions in China have developed differen-tiated industry strengths,exhibiting a pronounced regional division of labor.Thirdly,the spatial agglomeration of enterprises is identified as the outcome of a multi-condition configuration effect.This effect arises from the synergistic integration of various factors,leading to 4 distinct clustering paths:economy-led government ser-vices,innovation environment-driven development,government-guided university-industry-environment in-cubation,and talent-led innovation ecosystem optimization.These strategies underscore the importance of leveraging comprehensive advantages to foster an optimal innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem.They advocate for prioritizing economic leadership to enhance the innovation and entrepreneurship environment,for empowering the government's pivotal role to boost the city's innovative dynamics,and for amplifying the cent-ral influence of talent to cultivate an inclusive innovation atmosphere.Collectively,these approaches facilitate the spatial agglomeration of enterprises.
万方数据
维普
