摘要
依托2020年问卷调查数据,利用因子分析等方法解读了义务教育阶段家庭教育环境的社会空间分异及其对家内学习体验的影响.研究发现:①家庭教育环境的不同维度和综合得分均存在多尺度的空间分异,其中家庭之间的分异程度最为显著.②高社会经济地位家庭、普通社会经济地位家庭、低收入家庭和低文化家庭分别在不同区位提供了差异明显的家庭教育环境,比较而言,高社会经济地位家庭提供的家庭教育环境更具有优势.③噪音影响程度、父母期望程度、父母为学习同伴、父母有能力帮助解决子女学习上的问题以及家中藏书量等是影响家内学习体验的主要因素.研究对城市家庭教育环境复杂性的解读及相关政策的制定具有积极意义.
Abstract
With the implementation of the"double reduction"policy and the advent of the post-epidemic era,the status of family education has become increasingly important.Based on the data from the 2020 questionnaire survey,this paper uses factor analysis,hotspot analysis and other methods to interpret the socio-spatial differentiation of the family education environment at the compulsory education stage and its impact on the in-home learning experience.It is found that:1)There is multi-scale spatial differentiation in the family education environment.First,the highest de-gree of differentiation is found among families,reflecting the dominant role and great differences between families in constructing the family education environment.Second,the differentiation between urban circles is obvious,and the family education environment in the urban core area is more advantageous than that in urban suburbs and urban new areas.Thirdly,the differentiation and decentralized clustering of family education environments among residential and school districts also requires attention.The differentiation of the family education environment is the result of a com-bination of different scale factors,such as the urban environment,school districts,and residential neighborhoods and families.2)The characteristics and spatial distribution of family education environments differ significantly among different groups.High-socioeconomic-status families provide a high-quality family education environment with thie highest comprehensive score and the highest scores on all dimensions,which are concentrated in the urban core areas.Ordinary socio-economic status families provide a next best comprehensive score but weaker cultural dimensions of the family education environment,which are mainly distributed in the inner suburbs and the core of new urban areas.Low-income families provide an overall worse but better social dimension of the family education environment,which are mainly distributed at the edges of each urban circles.Low-education families provide the worst family education environment with the lowest comprehensive score,which are also mainly distributed in the outer part of each urban circles.3)There are many factors in the family education environment that have an impact on the in-home learning experience.Among all the factors,the five dominant factors are:'Noise impact degree at home''Parental expectation''Study partner is your parent''Parents are able to help you solve problems of learning at home'and'Number of extra-curricular books at home',which reflect the importance of a quiet home environment,parental involvement,and a good family atmosphere for students learning at home.Urban circles had little effect on the in-home learning experience,and the dominant influencing factors were much the same across circles.The interaction of two factors significantly increased the explanatory power,indicating that in-home learning experience is influenced by a combination of factors.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据