Spatial structure of facilities in Five New Towns of Shanghai based on POI data
Since the Industrial Revolution,the agglomeration effect brought by the high specialization and division of labor of industry has continuously guided the concentration of elements and resources to cities.The rapid expansion has resulted in an increase in gathering costs,which has triggered a series of pressures on population,transportation,housing,environment,etc.These factors lead to the decline of the attractiveness of central cities and the transfer of urban development elements to multi centers.Among them,Shanghai has been exploring the breakthrough of poly-centric development for a long time since the 1980s.The Shanghai Urban Master Plan(2017-2035)issued in 2017 proposed the new town development strategy of cultivating Shanghai's Five New Towns into comprehensive nodes with radiating and driving capabilities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.Therefore,based on the existing polycentric research and POI data,this paper studies the spatial structure characteristics of the Five New Towns in Shanghai during the polycentric process.Compared with previous studies on urban spatial struc-ture,this paper focuses on the spatial distribution pattern of facilities at the micro level,at the same time,ex-plores the combination characteristics of urban spatial structure between different circles,and innovates the re-search methods of urban spatial structure.Based on AutoNavi Maps point of interest(POI)data,this paper di-vides POI into 3 types of facilities:living,production and public.Kernel Density Estimation(KDE)and Ripley's K Function are mainly used,and a triangular trajectory model is designed to reflect the structural evolution of facility types in space.Taking the main urban area of Shanghai as a reference,based on the number,distribu-tion and aggregation degree of different types of facilities,this paper analyzes the spatial structure characterist-ics and distribution rules of facilities in the Five New Towns in Shanghai,and probes into the further construc-tion direction of the five towns.The results show that compared with the urban area,the spatial distribution characteristics of facilities in the Five New Towns are significantly difference.The new towns with long devel-opment history have obvious single center spatial structure,while those with short development history show weak multi center structure.From the high-density circles to the low-density circles,the structure of facility types in the main urban area changes little,showing the characteristics of internal"convergence of urban func-tions",while the Five New Towns show the trend of gradually decreasing the proportion of living facilities and increasing the proportion of public and production facilities.Between new towns,it shows the characteristics of"convergence of expansion structure".In the high-density circles of the new towns,the proportion of living fa-cilities is slightly higher than that of the main urban area,reflecting certain characteristics of"sleeping town".In the low-density circles,although the proportion of production facilities is higher than that in the high-dens-ity circle,the concentration centers of 3 facilities are highly overlapped,indicating that the concentration cen-ter of production facilities is also in the central area of the new town,and its peripheral urban functions are weak,so there is no perfect"professional function center".Therefore,the further construction of the Five New Towns needs to emphasize the balanced and coordinated development of facilities,improve urban functions and avoid the phenomena of"bedroom town"or"ghost town".
POIFive New Towns in Shanghaispatial structure of facilitiesurban functiontriangular tra-jectory model
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
