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重庆典型县域城乡非农就业指数测度研究

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非农就业是城乡居民收入的重要保障,也是乡村产业兴旺发展的重要内容.该领域已有相应研究,但在就业岗位与人口的定量关系、城乡多级分异特征、产业驱动机制等方面仍需完善.采用手机信令数据、POI信息点及大数据分析方法,定量识别城乡多级空间,构建非农就业指数算法.以重庆典型县域为例,定量测度城乡多级空间非农就业岗位与常住人口的空间匹配关系.结果表明:①非农就业指数能够可靠表征非农就业岗位供给与常住人口的空间匹配关系;②非农就业指数存在城乡多级分异特征,表现为场镇＞城乡结合部＞城市核心＞乡村;③非农就业指数对影响因子的响应程度存在城乡多级界限,其中城市核心响应程度最强,乡村响应程度最低;④工业园与景区的布局对邻近区域的非农就业存在正向驱动,助力区域形成:就业环境再改善-生活环境再改善的内生双循环驱动模式,推动城乡空间正向重构.结论为引导县域城乡非农产业发展与人口空间适配,实现乡村产业振兴提供科学依据.
Measurement of urban and rural non-agricultural employment index in typical county of Chongqing
Non-agricultural employment is necessary for urban and rural residents to obtain income.Optimiz-ing the layout of non-agricultural industries in urban and rural areas is important for promoting the develop-ment of thriving rural industries,keeping the villagers'non-agricultural employment close to home,reducing rural population loss,and achieving coordinated urban and rural development.Studies have been conducted on non-agricultural employment,but they paid little attention to the spatial-matching relationship between non-ag-ricultural employment jobs and the permanent population in urban and rural multi-level spaces within the coun-try.They also failed to analyze the driving mechanism of non-agricultural industries.For this research,kernel density estimation analysis and Densi-Graph analysis were used on a case study of a typical county in Chongqing to quantitatively identify urban and rural multi-level space and construct the non-agricultural em-ployment index based on factors including POI data and mobile phone data.This study quantitatively measures the non-agricultural employment index of urban and rural multi-level space to reflect the spatial-matching rela-tionship between the non-agricultural employment jobs and the permanent population at the urban and rural multi-level space within the country,and verify the reliability of the non-agricultural employment index results in the field.This study's results showed that:1)The non-agricultural employment index can reliably character-ize the spatial-matching relationship between the non-agricultural employment jobs and the permanent popula-tion.2)The non-agricultural employment index has the differentiation characteristics of urban and rural multi-level,decreasing in the following order:market town,urban-rural fringe,urban core,and countryside.3)Multi-level boundary effects exist between urban and rural areas according to the response of the non-agricultural em-ployment index to influencing factors,among which the urban core area has the strongest response,and the countryside area has the weakest response.4)There are positive drivers of non-agricultural employment in the adjacent areas from the layout of industrial parks and scenic areas,contributing to an endogenous double-cycle driving model of employment environment improved again and living environment improved again for the re-gion.This study provides a scientific basis for guiding the spatial adaptation of non-agricultural industry devel-opment and permanent population in urban and rural multi-level space within the country,as well as realizing the coordinated development of urban and rural non-agricultural industry and population.

non-agricultural employmentspatial matchingnon-agricultural employment indexurban and rural multi-level spaceurban and rural non-agricultural employment of county

周永伟、刘睿、郑达燕、王子安、戴鹏

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重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆 401331

GIS应用研究重庆市高校重点实验室,重庆 401331

国家地球系统科学数据中心,北京 100101

非农就业 空间匹配 非农就业指数 城乡多级空间 县域城乡非农就业

重庆市自然科学基金项目重庆市教委科学技术研究重大项目国家自然科学基金项目

cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0521KJZD-M20220050242071217

2024

10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.20220154

地理科学
中国科学院 东北地理与农业生态研究所

地理科学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：3.117
ISSN：1000-0690
年,卷(期)：2024.44(6)
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