Formation and influencing factors of life satisfaction of rural returning population based on survey data from 9 regions in China
During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,the return of rural labor force is an important demographic change in the process of rural revitalization in China,and the satisfaction of the returned population is the ba-sic guarantee for the sustainable development of rural space.The research data are sourced from the household survey data of 9 regions in 2020.The data were obtained using multi-stage and multi-level probability sampling methods.The analysis process used Statal7.0 as the measurement tool and the ordered probit model.The core explanatory variable is the employment types of returning farmers,including 3 types:"primary industry","secondary industry",and"tertiary industry";the 2 main explanatory variables are satisfaction with the vil-lage environment and satisfaction with government services.Based on this,the study explores the impact of the above different variables on the current life satisfaction of returning farmers.The conclusions are as follows:1)From the perspective of industrial structure,compared with engaging in the primary industry,engaging in the secondary industry after refluxing can significantly improve farmers'satisfaction with current life.2)In terms of environmental factors,as 2 pillars,village government service satisfaction and village residents'envir-onmental satisfaction evaluation can have a positive impact on the current life satisfaction of rural returnees,among which village residents'environmental satisfaction has a greater impact.3)From the perspective of in-dividual characteristic factors and their marginal effects,the older the returnees were,the better their self-rated health status was,and the higher their education level was,the higher their satisfaction with current life was.4)The influence of different factors on the current life satisfaction of the rural returning population has regional het-erogeneity.The rural returning population whose employment type is the secondary industry in the western re-gion has higher satisfaction with the current life;the village environment satisfaction has a significant impact in the central and western regions;Government services only have a significant positive impact on the eastern re-gion.In terms of countermeasures,this study suggests that the satisfaction of returning population should be improved through optimizing industrial structure,improving knowledge and skills,implementing policies for youth return,ensuring government support,improving village living environment,and strengthening publicity and guidance.The study provides a theoretical reference for formulating policies on rural talent repatriation,promoting the optimal development of rural industrial structure,and improving rural residents'satisfaction.
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