An explanation of conversion of cultivated land into forestland from the perspective of non-agricultural employment for rural labor force:A case study of Xintai City,Shandong Province
In recent years,a large number of farming households in rural areas of China have engaged in afforestation on cultivated land,which runs counter to the strict requirements of prohibiting non-agricultural use and non-food crop planting of cultivated land,and poses a threat to national food security.The conversion of cultivated land into forestland(CCF)is closely related to the rapid increase of non-agricultural employment of rural labor force and the transformation of cultivated land use patterns in the context of industrialization and urbanization.This study focused on 735 villages in Xintai City,Shandong Province.It examined the subcategories of non-agricultural labor force,including all-household emigration(AE),partial emigration(PE),and living in the village for non-farming employment(LE).Through an analysis of the spatial characteristics of CCF from 2009 to 2019,a multiple linear regression model was constructed to explore the impact of non-agricultural employment of rural labor force on the CCF.The study revealed that:1)The distribution of CCF in the villages showed a west-to-east gradient,with two agglomerated areas located at the foot of the Baima Mountain and the central plain region in the west.The CCF in villages in the Chaiwen River basin was relatively low.2)There were obvious spatial differentiations in the impact of the three types of non-agricultural labor force transformation,with AE and PE stimulating the CCF and AE having the greatest impact,followed by PE.The more people moving to villages outside Xintai City,the larger the area of CCF.The LE significantly inhibited CCF,but this inhibition was not significantly related to its non-farming employment location.3)The CCF was widely observed in both plain and hilly areas,and mostly occupied cultivable lands with poor quality and slope gradients exceeding 2°.4)The CCF was significantly affected by land acquisition by the government and has a spatial proximity effect,but cultivated land transfer had an inhibitory effect.In addition,the CCF was inhibited by village cadres who considered food production to be very important.The research findings demonstrate the driving factors behind the CCF in rural areas and study proposed feasible solutions for preventing and controlling this phenomenon.
conversion of cultivated land into forestlandnon-agricultural employment of rural labor forceemigrationnon-farming employmentvillage scale
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