Cognition of contemporary city maps and interpretation of their map representation:Case study of a German-made urban planning map of Qingdao in 1910
Since the advent of scholarship initiated by John Brian Haley on the nexus between map and"knowledge-power",research in this domain has proliferated significantly.Nevertheless,extant studies predominantly emphasize the perspective of the original map creators,neglecting an examination of the map dissemination process from the perspective of the general map user.Utilizing the city planning map of Qingdao,purportedly crafted by German in 1910,as a case study,this study employed georeferencing techniques and a comparative analysis of map contents to elucidate the underlying urban planning truth and the historical intricacies hidden behind the map's representation.The results indicate that in the 1950s,some specific map users,who were also specialized urban and rural planning scholars,replicated and reconfigured a contemporary city map produced by German in 1910 and an urban planning map created by Japanese in 1915,resulting in the generation of an entirely new map.Consequently,this distorted map representation has engendered a totally new"historical reality"that subverts people's cognition and challenges the initial map interpretation,facilitated by the extensive propagation of authoritative textbooks.The interplay between the inherent values and ideologies of a specific social class as map users and the map representation in their participation process was further discussed.In essence,this study augmented and nuanced Haley's discourse on map power from the perspective of map users,while also contributing a novel dimension to the cartographic historical analysis,specifically focusing on urban planning maps.
technical interpretation of mapmap representationmap usersvaluescity maps in the 1910s
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