Case characteristics,spatial pattern,and formation mechanism of criminal looting of cultural relics in Henan Province
As an important carrier of civilization inheritance and cultural self-confidence,China's cultural relics have been repeatedly looted and excavated by lawbreakers,which greatly hinders the archaeological exploration of Chinese civilization and the construction of national cultural relics security and cultural self-confidence,and deserves the attention of all sectors of society.Given the lack of focused exploration of the high-incidence areas of this type of crime from the perspective of geography,this research selected Henan Province,one of the hardest-hit areas of criminal looting of cultural relics in China,as the research area,and used the methods of text analysis,mathematical statistics,and spatial analysis to explore the case characteristics,spatial pattern,and formation mechanism of these incidents,to provide a reference for the prevention of criminal looting of cultural relics.The results show that:1)Most of the offenders were middle-aged and elderly men with low education and low income who dwelled in Henan Province;the looted cultural relics were mainly the ancient tombs of the Qin,Han,Xia,Shang,and Zhou dynasties that lack protection measures;the types of the stolen archaeological artifacts included pottery,masonry products,bronze,porcelain,among others;the micro-environment of the looted cultural relics involved rural settings,above-ground cultural relics,and construction zones.2)Spatially,the incidents were concentrated in the northeastern and northwestern regions of the province,with two high-incidence cities(Anyang and Luoyang)and three secondary high-incidence cities(Zhengzhou,Kaifeng,and Zhumadian).At the county scale,there was a"high-high"and"high-low"agglomeration;the distribution of high-incidence areas and hotspots was consistent with the city-scale distribution.Over time,the high-incidence area first shifted from the Runlou Site area in the south to the Han-Wei Ancient Luoyang City and Mangshan Mausoleum Group in the northwest,and then moved to the Yinxu Site area in the northeast.3)The distribution of cultural relics and the educational level of local residents were the main influencing factors of the crime.The distribution of cultural relics highly overlapped with both the residences of the looters and the locations of their crimes,that is,criminal looting of cultural relics in Henan Province showed obvious characteristics of crimes committed by local inhabitantswhich were related to historical,economic,demographic,and social factors and can be explained according to the social disorganization theory and rational decision theory.
criminal looting of cultural relicscase characteristicsspatial patternformation mechanismHenan Province
万方数据
维普
