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个人数据谁做主?——智能驾驶个人数据的权利归属问题

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智能驾驶汽车在运行中会产生具有"可识别性"的个人数据,这些个人数据关乎着人身利益.随着智能驾驶技术快速发展,个人数据所形成的数据红利又使其产生了巨大的经济价值,由此形成了众多主体对其主张利益诉求的局面,因此对智能驾驶个人数据的确权尤为迫切、必要.智能驾驶个人数据的性质界定、个人数据权的法律定位、权利主体及权利配置、法律适用难题等现实困境,需要理论关照与实践回应.应将智能驾驶个人数据权定位为"综合性权利",根据"可识别性"与场景化区分的二级规则对个人数据进行确权,并赋予智能驾驶个人数据指向者知情权、必要同意权、删除与修改权,赋予智能驾驶个人数据使用者采集权、携带权、使用权与收益权,使智能驾驶个人数据兼具人身性与财产性,在特殊场景下需要国家发挥控制权和调控权,充分发挥行业组织的自律作用,共同维护数据市场的有序发展,推动智能驾驶汽车的专门立法与行业规范的制定,最终实现对智能驾驶个人数据的确权目标.
Who Is in Charge of Personal Data?——Research on the Ownership of Personal Data Rights in Intelligent Driving Vehicles
Intelligent driving vehicles in operation will generate and collect"identifiable"personal data,which is related to personal interests.With the development of intelligent driving technology,the data dividend produced by personal data has led to a huge economic value for personal data,which results in controversies o-ver the ownership of its interests.Therefore,it is particularly urgent and necessary to confirm the right of in-telligent driving personal data.Practical dilemmas,such as the definition of the nature of intelligent driving personal data,the legal position of the right to personal data,the subject of the right and the configuration of the right,the difficulties of legal application and other dilemmas,require theoretical investigations and practical responses.The right of the intelligent driving personal data should be positioned as"a comprehensive right"and should be defined according to the secondary rules of"identification"and"scenario-based distinguishing fea-tures".The right to information,consent,deletion and modification should be given to the person to whom the intelligent driving personal data belongs,and the right to collect,carry,use and benefit should be given to the intelligent driving personal data user,so that the intelligent driving personal data becomes personal property.The government should play a controlling and regulating role under special circumstances,and industry organi-zations should make full use of its self-regulatory role.Together,they should work to maintain the orderly de-velopment of the data market and promote the development of special legislation and industry norms for intelli-gent driving vehicles so that they may ultimately confirm who may own the rights to intelligent driving personal data.

Intelligent driving vehiclesPersonal dataData rightsOwnership of rights

陈磊、郑淼

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首都经济贸易大学法学院,北京 100070

智能驾驶 个人数据 数据权 权利归属

国家社会科学基金项目北京市社科基金项目北京市属高等学校优秀青年人才培育计划项目

18CFX08320FXC015BPHR202203172

2024

大连理工大学学报(社会科学版)
大连理工大学

大连理工大学学报(社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.8
ISSN:1008-407X
年,卷(期):2024.45(1)
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