The development of the platform economy inevitably accompanies the recognition of legal relation-ships between platforms and gig workers.In judicial practice,there remains controversy over whether they con-stitute an employment relationship,primarily due to the outdated nature of traditional models for determining labor relations.Theoretical bases such as"quasi-employment,""independent contractors,"and"quasi-employ-ees"imported from other countries still lack sufficient force.From the perspective of labor control,platform control elements over gig workers include technological,legal,and ideological controls.Based on this founda-tion,the platform-dominant monitoring and proprietary systems,as well as the autonomous strategies formed by gig workers,should constitute the factual basis for determining platform economy labor relations.In deter-mining the specific paths of platform economy labor relations,it is necessary to accurately determine the factual basis of these relationships and distinguish them from situations such as"civil services","cooperative employ-ment",and"incomplete compliance with established labor relationship criteria".It is also essential to return to attributes and revise traditional models for determining labor relations.Regarding returning to attributes,spe-cific types of attributes should be distinguished,and the respective weights of personal attributes,economic at-tributes,and organizational attributes in labor relations should be clarified.
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