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人类增强技术的必要限度及其立法回应

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人类增强技术是一种改造并增强人体机能的技术干预手段,它揭开了人类"追求完美"与"制造完美"的未来前景与无限可能,然而,它也对道德判断、伦理观念与法律体系等内容产生诸多理论冲击.人类增强技术所牵涉的"技术与人类社会""技术与道德""技术与法律"等辩证关系,是论证该技术合理性与合法性的核心范畴.人类增强技术作为人们实现自我意志的技术对象,一旦失去理性支配必然导致"个体权利侵害""社会法益损害""伦理底线破防"等系列社会风险,这就要求在人类增强技术的实践过程中,须对该技术实践行为的正当性、必要性与合法性等限度加以澄清,明确技术行为的边界与责任,这是对人类增强技术后果论难题的正面回应.此外,为避免人类增强技术的滥用,降低其可能产生之社会风险,有必要在法律层面上对人类增强技术进行有效规制,明确涉事各方的权利义务关系与技术责任追究机制,以实现涉事主体利益诉求与社会公共利益之间的合理平衡.
The Necessary Limits of Human Enhancement Technology and Its Legislative Response
Human enhancement technology is a means of technologically intervening to modify and enhance hu-man physiological functions.It unveils future prospects and limitless possibilities for humanity in pursuing"perfection"and"creating perfection".However,it also raises numerous theoretical challenges concerning mor-al judgment,ethical concepts,and legal systems.The dialectical relationships involving"technology and human society","technology and ethics",and"technology and law"are crucial categories for discussing the rationality and legality of this technology.Human enhancement technology,as a means for individuals to realize their own will,inevitably leads to a series of social risks such as"violation of individual rights","damage to social inter-ests",and"breaching ethical boundaries"once rational control is lost.This necessitates clarifying the legitima-cy,necessity,and legality limits of practices involving human enhancement technology during its implementa-tion process.It is crucial to define the boundaries and responsibilities of technological actions,which constitutes a positive response to the challenges posed by the consequences of human enhancement technology.Further-more,to prevent the misuse of human enhancement technology and mitigate potential social risks,effective le-gal regulation is necessary.This includes clearly defining the rights and obligations of all parties involved and establis-hing mechanisms for holding individuals accountable for technological responsibilities.Such measures aim to achieve a reasonable balance between the interests of the parties involved and the public interests of society.

Human enhanced technologyPersonal autonomyFairness and justiceLegislative response

刘冠合

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东南大学法学院,江苏南京 211189

人类增强技术 个人自主 公平正义 立法回应

2024

大连理工大学学报(社会科学版)
大连理工大学

大连理工大学学报(社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.8
ISSN:1008-407X
年,卷(期):2024.45(5)