摘要
鲍是一种营养和经济价值较高的优质海产品,富含优质蛋白质、多种氨基酸、多糖、多不饱和脂肪酸、微量元素等多种营养物质和活性成分.近年来,随着消费市场需求的日益增加,鲍产业发展迅速,已成为中国海水养殖业的重要支柱产业.目前,除辽宁省和广东省有少量养殖外,福建省和山东省成为鲍的主产地.现阶段鲍营养品质和性状提升逐渐成为鲍育种养殖业的重要研究方向.本文综述了鲍营养品质方面的研究进展,包括其基本营养成分、呈味和功能活性物质,重点归纳了品种、产地、采样季节、养殖模式、饵料等因素及不同外源胁迫对鲍营养品质的影响.由于影响因素和差异指标繁多,且鲍营养品质的评价缺乏统一的标准,未来亟需系统性开展鲍品质评价研究,以及饵料、环境因子、养殖模式等因素对鲍品质调控机制的研究,以期为鲍养殖、新品种培育、品质综合评价及特征指标挖掘等方面提供科学参考.
Abstract
Abalone is a high-quality seafood with high nutritional and economic value,and rich in high-quality pro-tein,amino acids,polysaccharides,polyunsaturated fatty acids,trace elements,and other nutrients and active in-gredients.In recent years,with the increasing demand in the consumer market,the abalone industry has developed rapidly,and has become an important pillar of China's mariculture industry,in addition to a small amount of cul-ture in Liaoning and Guangdong,Fujian and Shandong are the main places of habitat.At this stage,the improve-ment of nutritional quality and traits has gradually become an important research direction in abalone culture.In this paper,the relevant research on the nutritional quality components of abalone are summarized,including the basic nutrients,flavors,and functional actives,focusing on the effects of factors such as species,origin,sampling season,culture method,diet and exogenous stresses on the nutritional quality of abalone.Due to the large number of factors and indicators of variation,and the lack of standardized criteria for evaluating the nutritional quality of ab-alone.It is urgent to carry out systematic research on abalone quality evaluation,as well as the control mechanism of abalone quality by diet,environmental factors,culture method,and processing mode,to provide scientific refer-ences for abalone culture,cultivation of new varieties,comprehensive evaluation of abalone quality,and mining of characteristic indices.
基金项目
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD48)
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD71)
现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-49)
维普
万方数据