摘要
为研究三倍体牡蛎养殖区浮游植物群落特征及其影响因子,于2021年12月-2022年9月,对福建省连江县黄岐湾三倍体牡蛎养殖区开展逐月调查,并分析了浮游植物种类组成、丰度变化及其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明:养殖区浮游植物共有6 门 65属133种,其中硅藻门101种,甲藻门28种,蓝藻门、金藻门、裸藻门和原生动物门各1种,以广温广盐种最为常见且丰度占绝对优势,优势种为中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)和柔弱拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima),优势度分别为 0.798 和 0.027;浮游植物丰度月平均值范围为1.80×104～4.14×106 cells/L,平均值为5.33×105 cells/L,湾外养殖区丰度显著高于湾内(P＜0.05);浮游植物多样性水平较高,群落结构较稳定;冗余分析显示,影响浮游植物优势种丰度的主要环境因子为总磷、活性磷酸盐、盐度和化学需氧量,其中,中肋骨条藻受水温、活性磷酸盐影响最大,柔弱拟菱形藻受Si/P值影响最大.研究表明,中肋骨条藻的高优势度与其广温广盐特性、较强的光适应生理特征及海水中丰富的硅酸盐有关;在磷相对限制的河口海湾,磷含量和盐度是影响浮游植物优势种丰度的主要环境因子.
Abstract
To investigate the characteristics of phytoplankton communities and their influencing factors in the trip-loid oyster farming areas,the composition of phytoplankton species,and changes in abundance,and their correla-tion with environmental factors were monthly surveyed in triploid oyster farming area in the Huangqi Bay,Fujian province,from December 2021 to September 2022.The results showed that there were 133 species from 65 genera in 6 phyla of phytoplankton,including 101 species in Bacillariophyta,28 species in Pyrrophyta,and one species in each of Cyanophyta,Chrysophyta,Euglenophyta and Protozoa.Eurythermal and euryhaline species were the most common and dominated in abundance,Skeletonema costatum and Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima being the dominant species,with dominance of 0.798 and 0.027,respectively.The phytoplankton abundance was found to be fluctuated from 1.80×104 to 4.14×106 cells/L,with average of 5.33×105 cells/L,and the abundance in the outer bay was sig-nificantly higher than that in the inner bay(P＜0.05),with relatively high diversity level,and the stable communi-ty structure in phytoplankton.The redundancy analysis revealed that the primary environmental factors influencing the abundance of dominant phytoplankton species were levels of total phosphorus,active phosphate,salinity,and chemical oxygen demand.Skeletonema costatum was most influenced by water temperature and active phosphate content,while Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima was most influenced by the Si/P ratio.It was found that the high domi-nance degree of Skeletonema costatum was associated with its wide temperature and salinity tolerance,strong light adaptation physiological characteristics,and the abundance of silicate in seawater.In phosphorus-limited estuarine bays,phosphorus content and salinity are the main environmental factors affecting the abundance of dominant phy-toplankton species.
基金项目
福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项(FJHY-YYBH-2022-3)
福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R10130010)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据