摘要
多维邻近性是研究产学研合作创新影响因素的恰当的分析视角.构建“多维邻近→互动学习→合作程度”理论分析框架,运用多案例方法研究多维邻近性对项目形式的产学研合作创新的影响.研究表明:①地理邻近、认知邻近、社会邻近对产学研合作程度的提升均有积极影响,但在技术创新的不同阶段存在差异.②互动学习对多维邻近与产学研合作程度具有显著的调节作用,在内容、方式、强度上有明显的阶段性特征.③地理邻近、认知邻近、社会邻近对产学研合作程度的交互影响呈互补效应或替代效应,在特定情况下存在阶段性差异;互补效应的积极影响通常优于替代效应.
Abstract
With the growing importance of University-Industry cooperative innovation (U-I cooperative innovation) in regional innovation,there is an increasing concern over the factors influencing U-I cooperative innovation.While U-I cooperative innovation features a process of knowledge transfer,multi-dimensional proximity is an appropriate analytical perspective to study the influencing factors of U-I cooperative innovation.This paper argues that geographical proximity,cognitive proximity and social proximity are essential elements of a conceptual framework for the analysis of U-I cooperative innovation,which contains heterogeneous organization.As such multi-dimensional proximities represent an important factor in the promotion of U-I cooperative innovation,interactive learning has been proved to be the way to realize knowledge transfer under the influence of multi-dimensional proximities for cooperative subjects-since frequent and continuous interaction between U-I cooperative subjects can enhance the level of U-I cooperation.By constructing a theoretical framework of "Multi-dimensional proximities,geographical proximity and related proximities→Interactive leaming→Level of cooperation",and based on a multi-case study methodology,this research takes high-tech enterprises in the Guangzhou Development District as an example and explores the influence of multi-dimensional proximities on "point to point" U-I cooperative innovation.The research findings show that:(1) while geographical proximity,cognitive proximity and social proximity all contribute to the level of U-I cooperation,these positive effects vary at different stages of technological innovation;(2) whilst interactive learning has significant moderating effects on multi-dimensional proximities and the level of U-I cooperation,there are noticeable periodic characteristics in its effects in terms of content,way and intensity;(3) geographical proximity,cognitive proximity and social proximity,respectively,have complementary and substitutive effects on the level of U-I cooperative innovation,although the effects may vary in different stages.In the interaction between different types of proximities,the positive influence of complementary effects is usually greater than that of substitutive effects.The conclusion is useful for us to understand the interaction process between the innovation subjects under different circumstances of proximities;in addition,it can also provide evidence for policy-making as regards rational distribution of scientific and technological resources,selection of U-I cooperative partners,as well as appropriate responses to different circumstances of proximities in the process of technological innovation cooperation.
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维普
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