Analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of taxi empty-loading ratio:A case study of Shanghai
Taxi is one of the important components of urban public transportation system,but many cities still have a large number of taxis driving in idle state on urban roads.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the factors that affect taxi empty-loading ratio and further improve its operational efficiency.Based on taxi GPS trajectory data,POI data,and census data in Shanghai,this paper first describes and statistically analyzes the taxi empty-loading ratio and its influencing factors within a scale of census area.Then,the variance inflation factor(VIF)and Moran's I test were used to explore the collinear relationship and spatial autocorrelation between taxi empty-loading ratio and its influencing factors,respectively.Finally,the geographically weighted regression(GWR)was used to analyze the spatiotemporal relationship between taxi driver behavior factors,external environmental factors and taxi empty-loading ratio.The result shows that the average taxi empty-loading ratios in Shanghai on workday and weekend are 55.6％and 59.0％,respectively.And its empty-loading ratio exhibits similar spatial distribution characteristics on workday and weekend,and overall shows a clustering towards the city center.The model analysis result indicates that compared with the GLM model,the R2 of GWR model for workday and weekend increased by 32.0％and 46.5％,respectively.The expected price,delivery speed,waiting strategy,cruise strategy,scenic spots density,and residential density have a significant impact on the taxi empty-loading ratio.There is a significant spatiotemporal difference in the impact of taxi driver behavior factors on taxi empty-loading ratio.Specifically,the expected price is mainly positively correlated with taxi empty-loading ratio on workday,and mainly negatively correlated on weekend.Besides,the waiting strategy and cruising strategy have an opposite spatial impact relationship with taxi empty-loading ratio.External environmental factors can significantly reduce the idle time of taxi in most areas.The research results are of great significance in reducing taxi empty-loading ratio,increasing the income of taxi drivers and improving the imbalance between taxis and passengers in terms of time and space.In the future,we can further explore the factors that affect the taxi empty-loading ratio in different cities and more detailed time scales,as well as the impact of weather and road properties on the taxi empty-loading ratio.
万方数据
