Impact of geographical indication agricultural products on farmers'livelihood vulnerability and well-being:A case study of the dryland plateau of the Yellow River Basin
Geographical indications play an important role in promoting high-quality agricultural development,facilitating rural revitalisation as well as improving the livelihoods and well-being of farmers.Taking the apple growers of Weibei Dryland Plateau in the middle of the Yellow River Basin as an example,we developed an assessment framework to evaluate the livelihood vulnerability and well-being of farmers.The entropy weight method,the TOPSIS model,as well as the natural breakpoint method were employed to conduct the assessment.Using the adoption of geographical indication trademarks as an entry point,the role of geographical indications in reducing livelihood vulnerability and improving farmers'well-being was explored at the micro-scale by applying a propensity score matching model and a mediated effects model,respectively.The results were obtained as follows:(1)The overall livelihood vulnerability and well-being of farmers in the study area were at high and medium levels,respectively.(2)The adoption of geographical indication trademarks by farmers can improve their well-being by reducing livelihood vulnerability.In addition,the net effect of geographical indication trademarks adoption by farmers on reducing their livelihood vulnerability ranged from 15.6％to 18.3％.(3)The adoption of geographical indication trademarks by farmers can incorporate their livelihoods into the realisation of the economic,ecological and cultural added value of geographical indication agricultural products.The realisation of added value of the geographical indication agricultural products can increase the well-being of farmers by reducing the sensitivity of livelihood systems as a key pathway.The in-depth analysis of the relationship and pathways between policy factors,livelihood vulnerability and well-being can,to some extent,compensate for the limitations of current studies that solely analyze farmers'livelihood vulnerability and well-being from a singular perspective.This will also expand the frontiers of sustainable livelihoods research and provide a micro-focus for policy promotion as well as improvements based on farmers.In the practice of high-quality agricultural development and rural revitalisation,attention should be paid to the micro-mechanism of geographical indications as a pathway for realising the value of local agricultural products for the livelihood and well-being of farmers.Consequently,the adoption of geographical indication trademarks by farmers should be promoted and encouraged.
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