Association of muscle mass nutritional status of pregnant women with vitamin D levels in the Dalian region
Objective To investigate the muscle mass status of pregnant women in the Dalian region and its relationship with vitamin D nutritional status.Methods A total of 274 pregnant women,who underwent prenatal examination at the Dalian Women and Children's Medical Center(Group)from December 2022 to May 2023,were selected for the study.The average age of the pregnant women was(32.11±4.00)years old,and the average gestational age was(24.11±7.50)weeks.General information of the pregnant women was collected through medical records review and questionnaire surveys.Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured.The bioelectrical impedance analysis apparatus was used to measure body muscle mass,and the whole-body muscle mass index(MMI)was calculated.Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between age,gestational age,vitamin D levels and MMI.Results A total of 274 pregnant women were included in the analysis.The MMI was(16.48±1.81)kg/m2,and the average 25(OH)D level was(18.54±7.82)ng/mL.There were 227 pregnant women aged≤35 years with an average MMI of(16.35±1.81)kg/m2,and 47 pregnant women aged＞35 years with an average MMI of(17.07±1.73)kg/m2.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.013).There were 24 pregnant women with normal vitamin D levels and an average MMI of(17.01±1.68)kg/m2,79 pregnant women with insufficient vitamin D levels and an average MMI of(16.39±1.84)kg/m2,and 171 pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency and an average MMI of(16.25±1.83)kg/m2.The difference among the groups was statistically significant(P=0.008).There were 46 pregnant women in the early pregnancy stage with an average MMI of(16.03±1.86)kg/m2,147 pregnant women in the second trimester with an average MMI of(16.40±1.75)kg/m2,and 81 pregnant women in the third trimester with an average MMI of(16.89±1.82)kg/m2.The difference among the groups was statistically significant(P=0.026).Correlation analysis revealed that the age,gestational age,and vitamin D levels of pregnant women were positively correlated with MMI(P＜0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis with MMI as the dependent variable and age,gestational age,and vitamin D levels as the independent variables showed that age,gestational age,and vitamin D levels were positively correlated with MMI,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusions The age,gestational weeks,and vitamin D levels of pregnant women are associated with MMI,and decreased vitamin D levels may affect the decline in muscle mass.
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