Expression and significance of TEAD4 in skin basal cell carcinoma
Objective To investigate the expression patterns of transcription enhanced association domain (TEAD4) in both skin basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and normal skin tissues,exploring its correlation with clinical characteristics and potential role in BCC pathogenesis. Methods A total of 18 paraffin-embedded samples of normal skin tissues and 60 paraffin-embedded BCC samples were collected. Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess TEAD4 expression. The association between TEAD4 expression levels and various clinical features of BCC patients-including gender,age at initial diagnosis,disease duration,sun exposure sites,head and face involvement,single or multiple lesions,pathological types,Clark grade,and tumor thickness-was analyzed. TEAD4 knockdown in HaCaT cells was achieved using siRNA transfection,followed by RT-qPCR to confirm mRNA suppression. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK8 assay and 7-AAD,PE Annexin Ⅴ double staining,respectively. Results TEAD4 expression was detected in 100％ of normal skin tissues but only in 51.7％ of BCC tissues;the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). BCC patients with a disease duration of<1 year predominantly showed negative TEAD4 expression,whereas those with ≥1 year had mainly weakly positive expression. Among BCC subtypes,micronodular,superficial,and pigmented types mostly exhibited weakly or strongly positive TEAD4 expression,whereas nodular and infiltrative types were predominantly negative. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In HaCaT cells,TEAD4 mRNA levels decreased by 37.83％ following TEAD4 siRNA transfection (P<0.01). Cell viability in the TEAD4 knockdown group increased by 8.02％ at 48 hours and 9.10％ at 72 hours,while apoptosis was reduced by 48.63％,compared to controls (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate significant biological effects of TEAD4 knockdown. Conclusion TEAD4 expr-ession is notably reduced in BCC tissues,suggesting a potential tumor suppressive role. Moreover,TEAD4 expression correlates with various clinical features of BCC. The downregulation of TEAD4 in keratinocytes appears to influence cell proliferation and apoptosis,potentially implicating its role in BCC pathogenesis.
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