Research progress on exosomes in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment
Prostate cancer often presents with subtle symptoms,and most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prognoses. Extracellular vesicles,known as exosomes,are released by cells into body fluids. Exosomes derived from cancer cells may carry genetic information of tumor origin,including DNA,RNA,proteins,etc.,playing crucial roles in tumor initiation,invasion,metastasis,and drug resistance. Studies have indicated that exosomes (including mRNA,microRNA,lncRNA,etc.) can enhance the sensitivity and specificity of prostate cancer diagnosis,holding significant potential for early detection. This review emphasizes the biological characteristics and functions of exosomes,as well as their research advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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