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马克思科学方法论中的现实抽象

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不同于主观经验归纳中发生的观念抽象,马克思深刻揭示了存在于人的社会实践活动中的多重现实抽象.一是不同于生活用具抽象的劳作工具抽象,它是劳作技能现实抽象后反向对象化为物性工具模板的结果.二是资本主义工业生产中劳动分工条件下,社会化劳动一般的现实抽象.三是商品交换活动中价值关系的现实抽象,以及这种抽象关系异化和事物化为外部统治力量.
Realistic Abstraction in Marx's Scientific Methodology
Different from the conceptual abstraction that occurs in the induction of subjective experi-ence,Marx deeply reveals the multiple realistic abstractions that exist in human social practice.The first is the abstraction of labor tools,which is different from the abstraction of living tools.It is the result of the reverse object of the abstraction of labor skills into the template of physical tools.The second is the general realistic abstraction of socialized labor under the conditions of division of labor in capitalist industrial production.The third is the realistic abstraction of value relations in commodity exchange activities as well as the alienation and materialization of such abstract rela-tions into external ruling forces.

张一兵

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南京大学

南京大学马克思主义社会理论研究中心

南京大学哲学系

马克思 现实抽象 工具抽象 劳动抽象 交换关系抽象

2024

东南学术
福建省社会科学界联合会

东南学术

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.648
ISSN:1008-1569
年,卷(期):2024.(5)