首页|遗迹化石对显生宙5大生物—环境事件的响应

遗迹化石对显生宙5大生物—环境事件的响应

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通过系统梳理与奥陶纪—志留纪、晚泥盆世弗拉期—法门期、二叠纪—三叠纪、三叠纪—侏罗纪、白垩纪—古近纪之交的5次生物大灭绝期遗迹化石记录相关的生物和环境事件,发现遗迹化石对5次大灭绝事件为负响应,即在大灭绝事件之后的残存期和复苏期期间,遗迹化石的多样性、丰度、潜穴直径、生物扰动强度、遗迹组构阶层都大为减小.遗迹化石反映的造迹生物行为习性和觅食策略在5次生物大灭绝事件后也各有不同,食沉积物性觅食策略在晚奥陶世和晚白垩世大灭绝事件之后占据主导,滤食性觅食策略在晚三叠世大灭绝事件之后占据主导,机会主义遗迹(如Planolites)、食沉积物性和滤食性等多种觅食策略和行为习性在晚泥盆世F-F和晚二叠世两次大灭绝事件之后占据主导.晚泥盆世F-F和晚二叠世两次大灭绝事件之后,遗迹化石记录了底栖生物系统由简单向复杂、由二维向三维生态空间拓展的变化趋势.
Trace Fossils as a Proxy of the Big 5 Biotic-and Environmental Events in the Phanerozoic
In this paper,we review the biotic and environmental events by examining the trace fossil records in association with the ‘Big 5’ mass extinctions in Phanerozoic,including the transitions of Ordovician-Silurian,Frasnian-Famennian,PermianTriassic,Triassic-Jurassic and Cretaceous-Paleogene.The benthic fauna reflected in the trace fossil records show a negative response to all of the ‘Big 5’ events,documented by the decreases in the ichnodiversity,burrow size,bioturbation depth,and ichnofabric tier.The behavior and food-feeding strategy of benthic fauna is found to vary among the ‘Big 5’ mass extinctions.The deposit-feeding strategy dominated after the mass extinctions during Ordovician-Silurian and Cretaceous-Paleogene transitions,whilst the suspension-feeding strategy dominated after the mass extinction during Triassic-Jurassic transition.Opportunistic trace fossils,such as Planolites,and both the deposit-and suspension-feeding strategies dominated after the mass extinctions during Frasnian-Famennian and Permian-Triassic transitions.The benthic ecosystems,reflected in the trace fossil records after the mass extinctions during Frasnian-Famennian and Permian-Triassic transitions,changed from simple to complex pattern,from two-dimensional to three-dimensional ecospace.

trace fossilsphanerozoicbio-environmental eventsresponse patternstratigraphyenvironment effect

张立军、赵曌、龚一鸣

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河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作454003

河南省生物遗迹与成矿过程重点实验室,河南焦作454003

中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

遗迹化石 显生宙 生物—环境事件 响应模式 地层学 环境影响

国家自然科学基金高等学校学科创新引智计划项目高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金河南理工大学博士基金

41290260B080302012014511001220134116120002B2013-077

2015

10.3799/dqkx.2015.030

地球科学
中国地质大学

地球科学

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心EI
影响因子：1.447
ISSN：1000-2383
年,卷(期)：2015.40(2)
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