As the importance of hydrogen continues to grow,large-scale hydrogen storage is receiving increasing focus.In this paper it extensively examines the classification,advantages,and drawbacks of underground hydrogen storage facilities through comprehensive literature research,providing a theoretical foundation for the implementation of such storage systems.Furthermore,it elucidates the interactions between hydrogen and minerals,and highlights the hydrogen adsorption characteristics of clay minerals and coal seams,offering novel insights into addressing challenges related to large-scale hydrogen storage and low-cost adsorption-based storage.The study findings reveal that(1)hydrogen storage facilities are primarily categorized into salt cavern storage,depleted oil and gas reservoir storage,and aquifer storage,with salt cavern storage currently being the most favorable option;(2)variations in temperature,pressure,concentration of fatty acids,and organic acid carbon number affect the hydrogen wettability of minerals,thus impacting caprock sealing capacity;and(3)certain clay minerals,coal seams,and other materials can adsorb hydrogen,presenting potential avenues for new underground hydrogen storage materials.Based on the above research and analysis,the main problems existing in underground hydrogen storage are pointed out,and the future development prospect of underground hydrogen storage is prospected,in order to provide reference for the site selection and implementation of underground hydrogen storage.The feasibility of underground porous material as a new large-scale hydrogen storage material is briefly summarized,in order to contribute to the search for diversified and suitable hydrogen storage materials.
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