Species and Distribution of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter and Its Astrobiological Significance
In this review it focuses on the detection history and research progress of extraterrestrial organic matter,exploring the species,structures,chemical compositions,and isotopic compositions of organic matter in the interstellar medium,extraterrestrial bodies,and extraterrestrial samples.The goal is to comprehend the origins of extraterrestrial organic matter,to address the related scientific issues and to explore its implications for astrobiology.The widespread distribution of organic molecules in the interstellar medium suggests that organic matter is not exclusive to Earth or the Solar System,but rather is present throughout the universe.Carbonaceous chondrites contain a variety of organic substances,including alcohols,amino acids,and carboxylic acids.The progress in space exploration has led to remarkable findings,including the detection of methane fluctuations in the Martian atmosphere,widespread coverage of liquid hydrocarbons on Titan's surface,the glycine in the comets,and the confirmation of extraterrestrial amino acids in asteroidal samples.These recent discoveries indicate that organic matter may be widely distributed throughout the Solar System and provide critical insights into the search for extraterrestrial life and the origins of life.
extraterrestrial organic matterchemical compositionsolar systemorigin of lifegeochemistryastrobiology
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