Large and extremely large landslides along the active tectonic zones are complex and hazardous.Previous researches on these landslides development characteristics,disaster backgrounds,and formation mechanisms have primarily focused on factors such as rainfall,stratigraphic lithology,and seismic activity.However,studies on the endogenic dynamic control of disaster backgrounds and formation mechanisms have remained challenging for both the academic and engineering communities.Based on remote sensing interpretation,data collection,field investigations,and analysis of typical landslide cases,this study established a geological hazard database for the eastern Tibetan Plateau along the Sichuan-Xizang transportation corridor and proposes a regional crustal stability assessment method that considers terrain relief.The study reveals that about 62%of geological hazards occur in the unstable crustal areas and relatively unstable crustal areas,where endogenous geological conditions significantly influence the spatial and temporal distribution of geological hazards.The development and distribution of large landslides are significantly controlled by active tectonic zones,displaying four characteristics:complex geological structures fostering large landslides,specific geotechnical structures controlling large landslides,strong seismic activities inducing large landslides,and continuous fault creep promoting catastrophic landslides.These characteristics contribute to a complex disaster evolution process that includes disaster fostering,control,induction,and promotion within active tectonic zones.The research findings are vitally important for understanding the formation mechanisms of large and extremely large landslides on the Tibetan Plateau and enhancing research on risk prevention for these landslides.
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