Experimental Study on Smoke Control in Tunnel Fires by Eliminating Fire Doors in Cross-Passageways
In response to the absence of experimental verification of smoke control and ventilation models for tunnel fires without fire doors in cross-passageways of urban rail transit projects,this study conducted a comprehensive ventilation and smoke control experiment in a typical tunnel of the Zhengzhou Metro.The experiment focused on varying locations of train fires within the tunnel.By assessing smoke control wind speeds in both the fire tunnel and cross-passageway under different conditions,our objective was to validate the impact of not installing fire doors in cross-passageways on tunnel fire ventilation and smoke control,and to evaluate the effectiveness of different ventilation and smoke control models.The results indicated that in tunnels with fully enclosed platform doors and one cross-passageway in the test sections,the absence of fire doors(i.e.,with open fire doors)resulted in all tested ventilation and smoke control models achieving wind speeds exceeding 2 m/s blowing towards the side where the fire occurred at the door openings.Simultaneously,exhaust wind speeds inside the fire tunnels exceeded 2 m/s,meeting the regulatory requirements for smoke control.These findings suggest the feasibility of omitting fire doors in similar projects.Different ventilation and smoke control models demonstrated varying wind speeds at door openings.Models utilizing two tunnel fans to supply air to the fire tunnel and pressurize non-fire tunnels,coupled with four exhaust fans to extract smoke from the fire tunnel,achieved higher wind speeds at cross-passageway entrances.
urban rail transitcross-passagewaycanceled fire doorsmoke control test
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