饲料中维生素A对黄鳝生长性能、肠道微生物组成和肠道组织结构的影响
Effect of dietary vitamin A on growth performance,intestinal microbial composition and intestinal tissue structure of Monopterus albus
黄广华 1胡重华 1周秋白 1张锦华 1陈希环 1周磊涛 1张文平 1陈恺文1
作者信息
- 1. 江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,南昌 330045;南昌市特色水生生物营养生理与健康养殖重点实验室,南昌 330045
- 折叠
摘要
为研究饲料维生素A(VA)水平对黄鳝生长性能、肠道微生物组成和肠道结构发育的影响,实验以VA醋酸酯(50 万IU/kg)作为添加源,制作添加水平分别为 0(3 201)、500(3 620)、1 000(4 010)、2 000(4 730)、4 000(6510)、8 000(9720)、16 000(16 890)IU/kg(括号内为VA在饲料中的实测值)7 种不同水平饲料,编号为A～G组,用7 种不同水平饲料分别投喂(7.32±0.02)g的黄鳝,每组 4 个重复,每重复 45 尾,养殖 70 d.实验结束后比较七组黄鳝生长性能、肠道组织结构,并基于生长性能比较A组、D组、G组肠道微生物变化.结果显示:与A组相比,B～D组黄鳝增重率、特定生长率显著提高;B～G组绒毛高度和C组微绒毛高度显著升高,C～D组肌层厚度和C～E组粘液细胞数量显著升高.以黄鳝特定生长率为评价指标,得出黄鳝VA适宜需求量为3 849.96 IU/kg.A、D、G三组的优势菌门均为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门.其中D组黄鳝肠道菌群的物种多样性和丰富度最高,提高了黄鳝肠道厚壁菌门、放线菌门等有益菌的丰度,降低了变形菌门、邻单胞菌属等有害菌的丰度.菌群功能预测发现D组显著提高与碳水化合物代谢、内分泌系统和其他氨基酸的代谢相关功能基因表达量以及糖酵解/糖异生代谢相关功能基因表达量;G组显著降低与甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢相关功能基因表达量.综上,饲料中添加适宜VA水平可改善黄鳝肠道结构和肠道微生物环境,提高黄鳝生长性能.综合考虑黄鳝生长性能和肠道健康,本实验饲料中适宜VA水平为3 620～4 730 IU/kg.
Abstract
The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin A(VA)level on growth performance,intestinal microbial composition and intestinal structure development of Monopterus albus.The ex-periment was conducted with VA acetate(500 000 IU/kg)as the additive source,and seven different levels of VA acetate 0(3 201),500(3 620),1 000(4 010),2 000(4 730),4 000(6 510),8 000(9 720),1 6000(16 890)IU/kg(the measured value of VA in the feed in parentheses)were prepared and numbered as A-G groups.A total of seven different feed levels were fed to M.albus(7.32±0.02)g,with four replicates in each group,45 in each replicate,and cultured for 70 days.At the end of the experiment,the growth perform-ance and intestinal tissue structure of the seven groups of M.albus were compared,and the changes of intestinal microorganisms in group A,group D and group G were compared based on the growth performance.The re-sults showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of M.albus in groups B～D were significantly in-creased compared with group A.The villus height of group B～G and the microvilli height of group C were in-creased cohsiderably.The muscle thickness of group C～D and the number of mucus cells in group C～E were increased considerably.Taking the specific growth rate of M.albus as the evaluation index,the suitable demand of VA in M.albus was 3 849.96 IU/kg.The dominant bacteria in the A,D and G groups were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.Among them,the species diversity and richness of intestinal flora in group D were the highest,which could increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Firmicutes and Actinobacteria,and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Plesiomonas.Flora function prediction showed that group D significantly increased the expression of functional genes related to carbohydrate metabo-lism,endocrine system and other amino acid metabolism,and functional glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabo-lism-related genes.Group G significantly reduced the functional glycine,serine and threonine metabolism-relat-ed genes.In conclusion,the addition of appropriate VA levels in the diet can improve the intestinal structure and microbial environment of M.albus,and improve its growth performance.Considering the growth performance and intestinal health of M.albus,the appropriate dietary VA level in this experiment was 3 620-4 730 IU/kg.
关键词
黄鳝(Monopterus/albus)/维生素A/生长性能/肠道菌群/肠道结构/菌群功能预测Key words
Monopterus albus/vitamin A/growth performance/intestinal flora/intestinal structure/function pre-diction of flora引用本文复制引用
基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-46)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据