首页|五品系尼罗罗非鱼对自然慢性低温胁迫的生理响应

五品系尼罗罗非鱼对自然慢性低温胁迫的生理响应

Physiological response of five strains of nile tilapia to natural chronic low temperature stress

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为筛选出耐低温性能较好的尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)品系,本研究以尼罗罗非鱼埃及品系(NE品系)、埃及尼罗抗逆品系(NER品系)、湘湖品系(NX品系)、新吉富(NNG品系)和吉富品系(NG品系)为研究对象,采用从最适生长温度28℃自然降温到死亡临界温度11℃的方法,分别测定它们在两个温度条件下血液生化和酶类指标的变化;当水温降到11℃后,连续观察一周,统计每种尼罗罗非鱼的存活率,绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线,比较5个品系尼罗罗非鱼的耐寒性能差异.结果显示,NER品系的存活率最高;NX品系和NER品系葡萄糖水平极显著升高,NER品系和NG品系总蛋白水平极显著降低,而白蛋白/球蛋白的值均没有显著性变化;超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶及乳酸脱氢酶活性均显著或极显著升高,但NER品系的乳酸脱氢酶活性升高程度最低;同时NX品系、NG品系、NE品系和NG品系的丙氨酸氨基转移酶和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶水平均极显著增高,但NER品系的丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平没有显著性变化,其天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶水平只是显著增高.上述结果表明5个品系尼罗罗非鱼能一定程度抵御低温对机体带来的损伤,适应慢性自然降温,但NER品系存活率最高,肝功能和肌肉受损程度相对最小,在5个品系尼罗罗非鱼中耐寒性能最强.
The Oreochromis niloticus, a warm-water fish, thrives in temperatures ranging from 28 to 32 ℃.However,low temperatures become a common challenge for this species during the colder seasons.This study aimed to identify O.niloticus strains that display enhanced cold tolerance.The O.niloticus Egyptian strain(NE strain), Egyptian Nile Resistance strain(NER strain), Xianghu strain(NX strain), "New Gift" strain(NNG strain), and Gift strain(NG strain) were selected for investigation.The study monitored changes in blood bio-chemical and enzymatic indices of the five O.niloticus strains when the water temperature naturally dropped from the optimal growth temperature of 28 ℃ to the critical death temperature of 11 ℃ to evaluate the impact of tem-perature change.The survival rates of each strain were continuously observed for one week once the water tem-perature reached 11 ℃.Additionally,Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare the cold tolerance perform-ance of the five strains.The results demonstrated significant changes in serum biochemical indexes,activities of liver function-related enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, and other non-specific immune enzymes in all five strains of O.niloticus in response to chronic low-temperature stress.Among the strains,the NER strain exhibited the highest survival rate.Glucose levels significantly increased in the NX and NER strains,while total protein levels significantly decreased in the NER and NG strains.The albumin/globulin values did not change signifi-cantly or substantially across all O.niloticus strains.Superoxide dismutase,lysozyme, and lactate dehydrogenase levels significantly or highly significantly increased in all strains, with the NER strain showing the least increase in lactate dehydrogenase.Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels significantly increased in the NX,NNG, NE, and NG strains, while only aspartate aminotransferase showed a significant increase in the NER strain.These findings indicate that the five O.niloticus strains exhibit varying levels of resistance to low-temperature damage and can adapt to chronic natural cooling to some extent.However,the NER strain demon-strated the least liver function and muscle damage and the highest survival rate after the water temperature dropped to 11 ℃ for one week.Therefore,the NER strain exhibited the strongest cold resistance among the five strains of O.niloticus.This study provides valuable data for the cultivation of new germplasm of cold-tolerant tila-pia by assessing the changes in blood biochemical and antioxidant enzymes(or immune enzymes) of the five strains under natural cooling conditions and calculating the survival rate of each strain.

Oreochromis niloticuschronic low temperature stressphysiological responsebiochemical indexkap-lan-meier curvecold resistance

朱琳、祝璟琳、邹芝英、李大宇、肖炜、喻杰、陈炳霖、杨弘

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南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡 214128

中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡 214081

尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus) 慢性低温胁迫 生理响应 生化指标 生存曲线 耐寒性能

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心基本科研业务费中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助

CARS-462023JBFZ012023TD40

2024

淡水渔业
中国水产学会 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心

淡水渔业

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.776
ISSN：1000-6907
年,卷(期)：2024.54(3)
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