This study established six salinity gradient groups (0‰, 3‰, 5‰, 7‰, 9‰, and 11‰) for a 60-day period with Oreochromis aureus to investigate the impact of varying salinities on the histological structure of the gills, kidneys and liver of juvenile.Histological comparisons were employed to analyze the gill,kidney, and liver tissue's structural variations under different salinity conditions.Results exhibited intact gill filaments at 0‰, featuring a lower presence of chloride cells and elongated gill lamellae.As salinity increased,differences in gill filament spacing between groups became insignificant.However,gill filament cells displayed atrophy, in-creased inincreased chloride cells, and reduced gill lamellar length, with the 11‰ groupshowing the most sig-nificant shortening compared to 0‰.Gill lamellar width followed a pattern of initial increase followed by a de-crease with rising salinity,with the 7‰ width being notably distinct from the 0‰ group.Additionally,the gill fil-aments of the 11‰ group demonstrated varying degrees of tissue separation and cell detachment.In the 0‰ group, fish glomeruli were well-developed and predominantly full.However,as salinity increased, renal tu-bules and glomeruli gradually atrophied, and the cystic lumen of the renal capsule enlarged.Hepatocytes at 0‰ exhibited distinctive boundaries, clear nuclei, and a more complete hepatocellular structure.Starting from 3‰, hepatic blood sinusoids became abundant, with a minor presence of vacuolation in the hepatocytes, albeit with relatively straightforward nuclei and cell boundaries.Salinity levels from 5 to 11‰ led to increasing severity in hepatocyte vacuolation and nuclear displacement, alongside a rise in blood vessels and hepatic blood sinusoids compared to the control group.In sum,it is advisable to maintain the long-term salinity culture of O.aureus within a 5‰ range.
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