Abstract
Intestine derived lipopolysaccharide(LPS)is closely related to systemic inflammation and disorders,yet little is known about its roles in the weanling stress of piglets and its potential as a nutritional inter-vention target.This study aimed to investigate the potential of essential oils(EO)and organic acids(OA)in mitigating weaning stress in piglets by modulating the circulation of intestine derived LPS.Seventy-two weaned piglets at 21 d old with body weight of 8.12±0.168 kg were randomly divided into a control group(CON)and an experimental group,each consisting of six pens with six piglets per pen,and were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 3 kg/t OA+500 g/t EO(EO+OA).On the 14th day of the feeding trial,12 weaned piglets were randomly selected from the CON group,and 6 piglets were selected from the experimental group.Based on diet composition and stress treatment,these 18 piglets were divided into the following three groups:1)CON group.Piglets were fed a basal diet and received an intraperitoneal injection of saline as a control.2)LPS group.Piglets were fed a basal diet and received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS(100 μg/kg body weight)to induce stress.3)EO+OA+LPS group.Piglets were fed a basal diet supplemented with EO and OA and received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS(100 μg/kg body weight)to induce stress.The results showed that EO+OA significantly ameliorated the oxidative imbalance and inflammation disorder induced by LPS in piglets'serum and intestine by inhibiting the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.Furthermore,compared to the LPS group,supplementation with EO+OA restored LPS-induced reductions in Bcl-2 protein expression in the piglets'intestines(P＜0.05)and mitigated morphological damage;it also enhanced both the protein expression and relative gene expression of the tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-1(P＜0.05),and reduced the plasma diamine oxidase activity(DAO)and LPS content(P＜0.05).Compared to the CON group,supplementation with EO+OA altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota,increasing beneficial bacteria relative abundance(Faecalibacterium)(P＜0.05)and decreasing harmful bacteria relative abundance[Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group(P＜0.01),Negativibacillus(P＜0.05)].Further analysis revealed that plasma LPS content in piglets was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium(r=-0.662,P=0.021),Akkermansia(r=-0.492,P=0.031),and average daily gain(ADG)(r=-0.912,P=0.041).Plasma LPS content was also positively correlated with the plasma inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-1 β(r=0.591,P=0.021),IL-6(r=0.623,P=0.021),IL-12(r=561,P=0.031)contents,and the relative abundance of Negativibacillus(r=0.712,P=0.041).In summary,the addition of EO+OA prevents the leakage of intestine derived LPS into the circulation by improving intestinal integrity and microbiota composition,thereby enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities and growth performance of weaned piglets.
基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272894)
GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010646)
Guangzhou Science,Technology and Innovation Commission(202201011730)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据