Effects of Grape Proanthocyanidins Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities, Serum Lipid Levels and Hepatopancreas Antioxidant Capacity of Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus)
A 7-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of grape proanthocyanidins ( GPC ) supplementation on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, serum lipid levels and hepato-pancreas antioxidant capacity of genetic improvement of farmed tilapia ( GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) . Three hundred GIFT with an average body weight of (8. 25±0. 07) g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 15 fish per replicate. GIFT in 5 groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0 ( con-trol group), 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg GPC, respectively. The results showed as follows: compared with control group, the final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and daily feed intake in all GPC supplemental groups were significantly increased ( P <0 . 05 ) and the feed conversion ratio was signifi-cantly decreased ( P<0 . 05 ) , but there were no significant differences among all GPC supplemental groups ( P>0 . 05 ) . The survival rate and feeding rate were not significantly different among all groups ( P>0 . 05 ) . The activities of protease and lipase in all GPC supplemental groups were significantly higher than those in con-trol group ( P <0 . 05 ) , but there were no significant differences among all GPC supplemental groups ( P >0 . 05 ) . The levels of serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterin in all GPC supplemental groups were significantly lower than those in control group ( P <0 . 05 ) , except 200 mg/kg supplemental group; the level of serum triglyceride in all GPC supplemental groups was significantly lower than that in con-trol group ( P<0 . 05 ) , and the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterin was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0 . 05 ) , but there were no significant differences among all GPC supplemental groups ( P>0 . 05 ) . The total antioxidant capacity and the activity of catalase in hepatopancreas in all GPC groups were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0 . 05 ) , but there were no significant differences a-mong all GPC groups ( P>0 . 05 );the activity of hepatopancreas glutathion peroxidase in 600 and 800 mg/kg supplemental groups was significantly higher than that in other groups ( P<0 . 05 ); the activity of hepatopan-creas superoxide dismutase was firstly increased and then decreased with the GPC supplemental level increas-ing, and the highest value appeared in 200 mg/kg supplemental group;the content of hepatopancreas malonal-dehyde in all GPC groups was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0 . 05 ) , and the lowest value appeared in 800 mg/kg supplemental group. The results indicate that a suitable supplemental level of GPC in diets can promote the growth performance and intestinal digestive enzyme activities, regulate the serum lipid levels and improve the hepatopancreas antioxidant capacity of GIFT. The recommended level of GPC in GIFT diets is 200 mg/kg under this experimental condition.
grape proanthocyanidinsgenetic improvement of farmed tilapiagrowth performanceserum lip-idsantioxidant capacity
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