摘要
本试验旨在探究发酵枳实残渣对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化能力和肠道健康的影响.选取32头体重为(7.65±0.18)kg杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪.各组分别饲喂发酵枳实残渣添加水平为0(对照组)、4％(4％FF组)、8％(8％FF组)、12％(12％FF组)的试验饲粮.试验期30 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,8％FF组的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著提高(P＜0.05).2)与对照组相比,8％FF组的血清总蛋白(TP)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(P＜0.05),4％FF、8％FF、12％FF组的血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P＜0.05),4％FF和8％FF组的血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05).3)与对照组相比,8％FF组的空肠绒毛高度、杯状细胞数量和绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著提高(P＜0.05),空肠隐窝深度显著降低(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,8％FF和12％FF组的空肠闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO-1)、超氧化物歧化酶1(SOD1)和核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)的 mRNA 相对表达水平显著提高(P＜0.05),8％FF组的空肠封闭蛋白(Occludin)的mRNA相对表达水平显著提高(P＜0.05).5)与对照组相比,8％FF和12％FF组的结肠拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度显著提高(P＜0.05),结肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著降低(P＜0.05);4％FF和8％FF组的结肠乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度显著提高(P＜0.05),12％FF组的结肠普氏菌属(Prevotella)相对丰度显著提高(P＜0.05),4％FF、8％FF和12％FF组的结肠链球菌属(Streptococcus)相对丰度显著降低(P＜0.05).综上所述,饲粮中添加发酵枳实残渣对仔猪生长性能无负面影响,并且能提高机体抗氧化能力,改善肠道形态,增加肠道微生物多样性,最终改善仔猪的生长性能.本试验条件下,仔猪饲粮中发酵枳实残渣添加水平以8％为宜.
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented fructus aurantii immaturus res-idue on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of piglets.Thirty-two DurocxLandracex Large White hybrid piglets with the body weight of(7.65±0.18)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate.Piglets in 4 group were fed experimental diets which the fer-mented fructus aurantii immaturus residue supplemental levels were 0(control group),4％(4％ FF group),8％(8％ FF group)and 12％(12％ FF group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of 8％ FF group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the serum total protein(TP),immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM)contents and superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities of 8％FF group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of 4％FF,8％FF and 12％ FF groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content of 4％ FF and 8％ FF groups was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the jeju-nal villus height,goblet cell number and villus height/crypt depth of 8％ FF group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the jejunal crypt depth was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the mRNA relative expression levels of zonula occluden-1(ZO-1),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1)and nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)in jejunum of 8％ FF and 12％ FF groups were significantly in-creased(P＜0.05),and the jejunal Occludin mRNA relative expression level of 8％ FF group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the colonic Bacteroidetes relative abundance of 8％FF and 12％ FF groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the colonic Firmicutes relative abundance was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the colonic Lactobacillus relative abundance of 4％ FF and 8％ FF groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05),the colonic Prevotella relative abundance of 12％ FF group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the colonic Streptococcus relative abundance of 4％ FF,8％ FF and 12％FF groups was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In conclusion,dietary fermented fructus aurantii immaturus residue has no negative effect on the growth performance of piglets,and can improve the body antioxidant ca-pacity and intestinal morphology,increase the intestinal microbial diversity,and ultimately improve the growth performance of piglets.Under the conditions of this experiment,the dietary suitable fermented fructus aurantii immaturus residue level is 8％.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(1):186-198]
基金项目
湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2026)
湖南省科技创新领军人才计划资助(2021RC4039)
维普
万方数据