摘要
本试验旨在探究胡萝卜缨青贮替代全株玉米青贮对文登奶山羊生产性能、乳品质、养分表观消化率、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响.选用体重(48.34±1.86)kg、产奶量(1.29± 0.46)kg/d、产羔150 d左右的3胎文登奶山羊64只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复4只羊.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1、2、3组分别以胡萝卜缨青贮替代基础饲粮中20％、30％、40％的全株玉米青贮.试验周期为67 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期60 d.结果显示:1)与对照组相比,试验1、3组的平均日产奶量显著提高(P＜0.05);试验1组的料奶比显著降低(P＜0.05),4％标准乳产量显著提高(P＜0.05);试验3组的平均日采食量显著提高(P＜0.05).2)与对照组相比,试验3组乳中β-胡萝卜素含量极显著提高(P＜0.01),试验2组乳中β-胡萝卜素含量显著提高(P＜0.05);试验2、3组乳中维生素A与叶绿素铜钠含量极显著提高(P＜0.01).各组乳中农药残留均未检出.3)与对照组相比,3个试验组的粗蛋白质表观消化率极显著提高(P＜0.01),试验1、3组的干物质表观消化率、试验1组的粗脂肪表观消化率、试验3组的中性洗涤纤维表观消化率皆显著提高(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,3个试验组的血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著提高(P＜0.05),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性极显著提高(P＜0.01);试验1组的血清总蛋白(TP)和球蛋白(GLB)含量显著提高(P＜0.05),尿素氮(UN)与丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05),总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)极显著提高(P＜0.01).综上所述,在饲粮中以胡萝卜缨青贮替代20％全株玉米青贮可提高泌乳期文登奶山羊的产奶性能、乳品质、养分表观消化率、抗氧化能力和免疫功能.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of carrot tassel silage replacing whole corn silage on performance,milk quality,nutrient apparent digestibility,antioxidant capacity and immune function of Wendeng dairy goats during lactation period.Sixty-four healthy Wendeng dairy goats with body weight of(48.34±1.86)kg and milk yield of(1.29±0.46)kg/d,3 parities and in lactation 150 d were selected and di-vided into 4 groups,with 4 replicates per group and 4 goats per replicate.The control group was fed a basal di-et,and in experimental groups 1,2 and 3,20％,30％ and 40％ of whole corn silage in the basal diet were re-placed by carrot tassel silage,respectively.The experiment period was 67 days,including 7 days of pre-test and 60 days of formal test.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily milk yield in the experimental groups 1 and 3 was significantly increased(P＜0.05);the feed/milk ratio in the experimental group 1 was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the 4％ fat corrected milk(FCM)yield was significantly increased(P＜0.05);the average daily feed intake in the experimental group 3 was sig-nificantly increased(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the content of β-carotene in the milk in the experimental group 3 was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01),and it in the experimental group 2 was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05);the contents of vitamin A and sodium copper chlorophyll in the milk in the experimental groups 2 and 3 were extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01).No pesticide res-idue was detected in the milk of each group.3)Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of crude protein in the three experimental groups was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the appar-ent digestibility of dry matter in the experimental groups 1 and 3,the apparent digestibility of crude fat in the experimental group 1,and the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber in the experimental group 3 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the content of serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)in the experimental group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the activities of superoxide dis-mutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)were extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01);the contents of serum total protein(TP)and globulin(GLB)in the experimental group 1 were significantly in-creased(P＜0.05),the contents of urea nitrogen(UN)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were significantly de-creased(P＜0.05),and the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01).In conclusion,using carrot tassel silage equivalently to replace 20％whole corn silage in the diet can improve the milk performance,milk quality,nutrient apparent digestibility,antioxidant capacity and immune function of Wendeng dairy goats during lactation period.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(1):438-450]
基金项目
山东省羊产业技术体系(SDAIT-10-04)
青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金资助项目(663/1120009)
山东文登奶山羊科技小院项目()
畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室开放课题()
维普
万方数据