摘要
鸽子是晚成鸟类,刚出生的乳鸽不能直接消化饲料,需要哺乳期的种鸽(包括雌鸽和雄鸽)摄入饲料并由嗉囊组织产生鸽乳来喂养.鸽乳中含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、矿物元素等营养物质及微生物群,其合成分泌受种鸽饲粮营养水平的影响以及催乳素、胰岛素信号通路的调控;此外,雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1(TORC1)、Janus激酶2(JAK2)-信号传导及转录激活蛋白5(STAT5)信号通路和微小RNA(miRNA)相关的内源竞争RNA(ceRNA)网络在鸽乳合成中也发挥了重要作用.本文主要综述了鸽乳的营养成分、微生物群组成以及鸽乳生产过程中激素、信号通路和嗉囊组织学变化,旨在为提高肉鸽产业效率提供参考.
Abstract
Pigeons are altricial birds,and newly born squab cannot digest feed directly.Breeding pigeons(in-cluding female pigeons and male pigeons)take feed and produce pigeon milk to feed squab.Pigeon milk con-tains abundant nutrients such as protein,fat,minerals,and microbial communities.Its synthesis and secretion are influenced by the nutrient levels of pigeon feed and regulated by prolactin and insulin signaling pathways.In addition,the target of rapamycin complex 1(TORC1),Janus kinase 2(JAK2)-signal transducer and activa-tor of transcription 5(STAT5)signaling pathways,and microRNA(miRNA)related competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)networks also play important roles in pigeon milk synthesis.This article mainly reviewed the nutritional composition and microbial community of pigeon milk,as well as the changes in hormones,signaling pathways,and crop histology during pigeon milk production,which intended to provide theoretical reference for improving the efficiency of the pigeon industry.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(5):2743-2751]
维普
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