Alleviating Effects of Different Dietary Levels of Bifidobacterium on Ileum Injury of Goslings under Lipopolysaccharide Stress
The aim of this study was to investigate the alleviating effects of different dietary levels of Bifidobac-terium on ileum injury of goslings under lipopolysaccharide(LPS)stress.A total of 288 one-day-old male Jiangnan white goose chicks were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 chicks per replicate.A 3×2 two-factor design was adopted,and the two factors were Bifidobacterium supplemental level(0,300 and 600 mg/kg Bifidobacterium freeze-dried powder was supplemented,and the effective viable bac-teria number was 1.7×1010 CFU/g,respectively)and LPS stress or not(intraperitoneal injection of LPS saline solution or saline solution,and the concentration of LPS saline solution was 0.5 mg/mL).The experiment las-ted for 28 days,and the goslings were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL/kg BW on the 15th,17th and 19th days of the experiment,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)LPS stress significantly increased the diamine oxidase(DAO)activity and the D-lactic acid(D-LA)content in serum of goslings(P＜0.05);Bifidobacterium supplementation significantly reduced the DAO activity and the D-LA content in serum of gos-lings(P＜0.05).2)LPS stress significantly increased the ileum injury score of goslings and had a significant effect on mucin 2(MUC2)content in ileum(P＜0.05);Bifidobacterium supplementation significantly re-duced the ileum injury score and increased the MUC2 content in ileum(P＜0.05).3)Compared with the sup-plementation of 300 mg/kg Bifidobacterium,the supplementation of 600 mg/kg Bifidobacterium significantly decreased the D-LA content in serum and significantly increased the MUC2 content in ileum of goslings at 28 days of age(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the indices at other days of age(P＞0.05).4)LPS stress could cause serious injury of gosling's ileal epithelial cells,with obvious cytoplasm edema,ap-proximately irregular oval nucleus,expansion of Golgi capsule membrane,overall structural damage of mi-crovilli,and fuzzy structure of tight junctions and intermediate junctions between cells.Bifidobacterium was in-volved in alleviating the above phenomenon by inducing autophagy and helping to protect mitochondrial struc-ture.In addition,300 mg/kg Bifidobacterium freeze-dried powder could significantly alleviate cytosolic edema and rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation.In conclusion,LPS stress of goslings aged from 1 to 28 days can cause damage to the ileum and ileal epithelial cells,result in abnormal secretion of MUC2 and increase intesti-nal permeability.Dietary Bifidobacterium can alleviate ileum injury and improve intestinal permeability by pro-moting MUC2 secretion,and can alleviate ileal epithelial cell injury by inducing autophagy.Under the condi-tions of this experiment,the supplementation of 600 mg/kg Bifidobacterium freeze-dried powder in the diet could not achieve better relief effects,so the supplementation of 300 mg/kg is recommended.[Chinese Jour-nal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(5):3035-3048]
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