Protective Effects of Lycopene on Ileum Injury of Mice Exposed to Zearalenone,Deoxynivalenol and Aflatoxin B,
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of lycopene(LYC)on ileum injury of mice exposed to zearalenone(ZEN),deoxynivalenol(DON)and aflatoxin B1(AFB1)and its mechanism.A total of 80 specific pathogen free(SPF)male ICR mice of 6-week-old with body weight of(31.01±0.29)g were randomly divided into 4 groups(20 mice per group),which were control group,LYC group,mycotoxin group and LYC+mycotoxin group,respectively.After 10 days of adaptive feeding,the mice were given con-tinuous intragastric administration of 10 mg/kg LYC or its equivalent solvent for 14 days,followed by intraper-itoneal injection of 10 mg/kg ZEN+1 mg/kg DON+0.5 mg/kg AFB,or its equivalent solvent.At the end of the treatment,the mice were fasted for 24 h,then weighed and killed,and the ileum samples were collected immediately for testing.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the crypt depth of ileum of mice in mycotoxin group was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the villus height to crypt depth ratio of ileum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);compared with mycotoxin group,the villus height of ileum in LYC+mycotoxin group had a tendency to increase(P＞0.05),and the crypt depth of ileum had a tendency to decrease(P＞0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the distribution of claudin-1,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin in ileum of mice in mycotoxin group was decreased;compared with mycotoxin group,the distribution of claudin-1,ZO-1 and occludin in ileum in LYC+mycotoxin group was in-creased.3)Compared with the control group,the tight junctions in ileal epithelial cells of mice in mycotoxin group were blurred,the mitochondrial membrane was dissolved,the cristae were broken,and the mitochondria were swollen and vacuolated seriously;compared with mycotoxin group,the tight junctions in ileal epithelial cells in LYC+mycotoxin group were intact and clear,and the mitochondria showed slight swelling and vacuola-tion.4)Compared with the control group,the protein expression levels of receptor interaction protein 3(RIP3)and mixed series protein kinase domain-like protein(MLKL)in ileum of mice in mycotoxin group were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);compared with mycotoxin group,the RIP3 protein expression level in ileum in LYC+mycotoxin group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the mRNA expression levels of receptor interacting protein 1(RIP1),RIP3 and MLKL in ileum in mycotoxin group were extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01);compared with my-cotoxin group,the mRNA expression levels of RIP1 and RIP3 in ileum in LYC+mycotoxin group were ex-tremely significantly decreased(P＜0.01).In conclusion,LYC can maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier and mitochondrial structure,and inhibit the programmed necrosis signaling pathway in ileum,so as to alleviate the ileum injury of mice caused by ZEN,DON and AFB,combined exposure.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(5):3306-3316]
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