首页|田菁不同部位营养价值、分子结构特性和体外瘤胃降解率研究

田菁不同部位营养价值、分子结构特性和体外瘤胃降解率研究

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本试验旨在研究田菁不同部位(包括叶、茎、根及全株)的营养价值、分子结构特征及体外瘤胃降解率,为反刍动物优质粗饲料资源的开发提供基础数据.试验按照概略养分分析法和康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质体系(CNCPS)分析田菁叶、茎、根及全株的营养成分含量,同时利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术对田菁不同部位的分子结构进行分析,最后进行体外瘤胃模拟发酵,分析田菁不同部位在瘤胃内的降解率以及产气量.结果表明:1)田菁不同部位间的蛋白质组成和二级结构光谱参数存在显著差异(P＜0.05).其中,叶的蛋白质成分含量较高,根的较低;叶的酰胺Ⅰ区和酰胺Ⅱ区的峰高和峰面积以及β-折叠峰面积较高,茎的酰胺Ⅰ区峰高和峰面积较低.2)田菁不同部位间的碳水化合物组成和分子结构光谱参数存在显著差异(P＜0.05).其中,根的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)含量较高,叶的较低;根的总碳水化合物峰高和峰面积较高.此外,田菁的蛋白质和碳水化合物组成与分子结构之间存在一定的相关性.3)田菁叶的体外发酵粗蛋白质和干物质降解率最高,显著高于全株、茎和根(P＜0.05);叶的48 h总产气量显著高于茎和根(P＜0.05).由此可见,田菁不同部位的营养价值与分子结构之间具有一定的相关性;其中,叶和茎的营养价值及利用率相对较高,而根的营养价值及利用率较低.
Study on Nutritional Value,Molecular Structure Characteristics and in Vitro Rumen Degradation Rate in Different Parts of Sesbania cannabina
The aim of this experiment was to study the nutritional value,molecular structure characteristics and in vitro rumen degradation rate in different parts of Sesbania cannabina(including leaves,stems,roots and whole plant),and to provide basic data for the development of high-quality roughage resources for ruminants.The nutrient contents in leaves,stems,roots and whole plant of Sesbania cannabina were analyzed according to the preliminary nutrient analysis and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System(CNCPS).Meanwhile,the molecular structure of different parts of Sesbania cannabina was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)technology.Finally,the rumen simulated fermentation was carried out in vitro,and the degradation rate and gas production of different parts of Sesbania cannabina were analyzed.The results showed as follows:1)there were significant differences in protein composition and secondary structure spectral param-eters among different parts of Sesbania cannabina(P＜0.05).Among them,the protein content in leaves was higher,while that in roots was lower.The peak height and peak area of amide Ⅰ and amide Ⅱ and β-sheet peak area in leaves were higher,while the peak height and peak area of amide Ⅰ in stems were lower.2)The carbohydrate composition and molecular structure spectral parameters in different parts of Sesbania cannabina were significantly different(P＜0.05).The contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and acid detergent lignin(ADL)were higher in roots,but lower in leaves;the peak height and peak area of total carbohydrate in roots were higher.In addition,there was a certain correlation between the protein and carbohydrate composition of Sesbania cannabina and its molecular structure.3)The in vitro fermentation degradation rates of crude protein and dry matter in leaves of Sesbania cannabina were the highest,which were significantly higher than those in whole plant,stems and roots(P＜0.05);the 48 h total gas production of leaves was significantly higher than that of stems and roots(P＜0.05).In conclusion,the nutritional value in different parts of Sesbania cannabina has a certain correlation with its molecular structure.Among them,the nutrient value and utilization rate of leaves and stems are relatively high,while the nutrient value and utilization rate of roots are low.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(5):3386-3400]

Sesbania cannabinaFTIRmolecular structurenutritional valuerumen degradation

王路遥、江应松、曹晓风、韩波、卜登攀、邓娴、赵庆华、于静、尤常清、张晓冬、马露、贾亚军、田雨佳

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天津农学院动物科学与动物医学学院,天津市农业动物繁育与健康养殖重点实验室,天津 300392

天津市农业农村委,天津 300454

中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,基因组生物学研究中心,北京 100101

天津梦得集团有限公司,天津 300188

中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,反刍动物营养创新部,北京 100193

山东省农业科学院农作物种质资源研究所,济南 250100

海南省崖州湾种子实验室,创新研究部,三亚 572024

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田菁 傅立叶变换红外光谱 分子结构 营养价值 瘤胃降解

国家黄三角农高区科技专项天津市奶牛(肉羊)产业技术体系建设项目创新团队项目中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员项目黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项国家奶牛产业技术体系建设项目

2022SZX14ITTCRS20210002022039XDA28030100CARS-36

2024

10.12418/CJAN2024.290

动物营养学报
中国畜牧兽医学会

动物营养学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.297
ISSN：1006-267X
年,卷(期)：2024.36(5)