本试验旨在研究粪菌移植(FMT)对蛋鸡生产性能、脂质代谢、血清抗氧化指标以及肠道免疫的影响.试验选取390日龄京红蛋鸡780只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复52只.对照组正常饮水,试验Ⅰ组在每日正常饮水中添加100 mL 1号添加剂菌液(厌氧发酵),试验Ⅱ组在每日正常饮水中添加100 mL 2号添加剂菌液(好氧发酵).各组均饲喂相同的基础饲粮.预试期7 d,正试期28 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,FMT对蛋鸡生产性能无显著影响(P＞0.05).在蛋品质方面,试验第28天,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组蛋黄颜色显著降低(P＜0.05).2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组蛋鸡血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P＜0.05).肝脏组织病理学检测结果表明,FMT改善了蛋鸡肝脏脂质沉积,且试验Ⅰ组改善效果优于试验Ⅱ组.3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组蛋鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著提高(P＜0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05);试验Ⅱ组血清T-AOC及GSH-Px活性显著提高(P＜0.05),血清MDA含量显著降低(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组蛋鸡空肠免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)含量显著提高(P＜0.05),十二指肠肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著降低(P＜0.05);试验Ⅱ组十二指肠和空肠sIgA含量显著提高(P＜0.05),回肠TNF-α含量显著降低(P＜0.05).综上所述,FMT能够降低蛋黄颜色及血清AST活性,提高血清抗氧化能力,对肝脏脂肪沉积及肠道免疫具有改善作用,且厌氧发酵制备的粪菌液效果要优于好氧发酵制备的粪菌液.
Effects of Fecal Microbial Transplantation on Performance,Lipid Metabolism,Serum Antioxidant Indices and Intestinal Immunity of Laying Hens
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fecal microbial transplantation(FMT)on per-formance,lipid metabolism,serum antioxidant indices and intestinal immunity of laying hens.A total of 780 Jinghong laying hens of 390-day-old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 52 hens per replicate.The hens in the control group drank normal water,those in experimental group Ⅰ drank normal water supplemented with 100 mL additive No.l bacterial solution(anaerobic fermentation)every day,and those in experimental group Ⅱ drank normal water supplemented with 100 mL additive No.2 bacterial solu-tion(aerobic fermentation)every day.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,FMT had no significant effects on performance of laying hens(P＞0.05).In terms of egg quality,on day 28 of the experiment,the yolk color in experimental group Ⅱ was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity of laying hens in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The results of liver histopathology showed that FMT improved the lipid deposition in liver of laying hens,and the improvement effect in experi-mental group Ⅰ was better than that in experimental group Ⅱ.3)Compared with the control group,the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),the activities of catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)of laying hens in experimental group Ⅰ were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the serum malondialde-hyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the T-AOC and GSH-Px activity in serum in ex-perimental group Ⅱ were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the MDA content in serum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the contents of immunoglobulin M(IgM)and se-cretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)in jejunum of laying hens in experimental group Ⅰ were significantly in-creased(P＜0.05),and the tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)content in duodenum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the sIgA content in duodenum and jejunum in experimental group Ⅱ was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the TNF-α content in ileum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In conclusion,FMT can reduce the yolk color and serum AST activity,increase the serum antioxidant capacity,improve liver fat depo-sition and intestinal immunity,and the effects of fecal bacteria solution prepared by anaerobic fermentation is better than that prepared by aerobic fermentation.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(6):3669-3679]
万方数据
维普
