Effects of Fecal Microbial Transplantation on Performance,Lipid Metabolism,Serum Antioxidant Indices and Intestinal Immunity of Laying Hens
王鹏飞 1李晓丽 1何万领 1任振东 2丁小伟 2贾寒方 1杨龙帮2
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作者信息
1. 河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳 471023
2. 河南省岐伯实业有限公司,鹤壁 456250
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摘要
本试验旨在研究粪菌移植(FMT)对蛋鸡生产性能、脂质代谢、血清抗氧化指标以及肠道免疫的影响.试验选取390日龄京红蛋鸡780只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复52只.对照组正常饮水,试验Ⅰ组在每日正常饮水中添加100 mL 1号添加剂菌液(厌氧发酵),试验Ⅱ组在每日正常饮水中添加100 mL 2号添加剂菌液(好氧发酵).各组均饲喂相同的基础饲粮.预试期7 d,正试期28 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,FMT对蛋鸡生产性能无显著影响(P＞0.05).在蛋品质方面,试验第28天,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组蛋黄颜色显著降低(P＜0.05).2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组蛋鸡血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P＜0.05).肝脏组织病理学检测结果表明,FMT改善了蛋鸡肝脏脂质沉积,且试验Ⅰ组改善效果优于试验Ⅱ组.3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组蛋鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均显著提高(P＜0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05);试验Ⅱ组血清T-AOC及GSH-Px活性显著提高(P＜0.05),血清MDA含量显著降低(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组蛋鸡空肠免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)含量显著提高(P＜0.05),十二指肠肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著降低(P＜0.05);试验Ⅱ组十二指肠和空肠sIgA含量显著提高(P＜0.05),回肠TNF-α含量显著降低(P＜0.05).综上所述,FMT能够降低蛋黄颜色及血清AST活性,提高血清抗氧化能力,对肝脏脂肪沉积及肠道免疫具有改善作用,且厌氧发酵制备的粪菌液效果要优于好氧发酵制备的粪菌液.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fecal microbial transplantation(FMT)on per-formance,lipid metabolism,serum antioxidant indices and intestinal immunity of laying hens.A total of 780 Jinghong laying hens of 390-day-old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 52 hens per replicate.The hens in the control group drank normal water,those in experimental group Ⅰ drank normal water supplemented with 100 mL additive No.l bacterial solution(anaerobic fermentation)every day,and those in experimental group Ⅱ drank normal water supplemented with 100 mL additive No.2 bacterial solu-tion(aerobic fermentation)every day.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,FMT had no significant effects on performance of laying hens(P＞0.05).In terms of egg quality,on day 28 of the experiment,the yolk color in experimental group Ⅱ was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity of laying hens in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The results of liver histopathology showed that FMT improved the lipid deposition in liver of laying hens,and the improvement effect in experi-mental group Ⅰ was better than that in experimental group Ⅱ.3)Compared with the control group,the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),the activities of catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)of laying hens in experimental group Ⅰ were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the serum malondialde-hyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the T-AOC and GSH-Px activity in serum in ex-perimental group Ⅱ were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the MDA content in serum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the contents of immunoglobulin M(IgM)and se-cretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)in jejunum of laying hens in experimental group Ⅰ were significantly in-creased(P＜0.05),and the tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)content in duodenum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the sIgA content in duodenum and jejunum in experimental group Ⅱ was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the TNF-α content in ileum was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In conclusion,FMT can reduce the yolk color and serum AST activity,increase the serum antioxidant capacity,improve liver fat depo-sition and intestinal immunity,and the effects of fecal bacteria solution prepared by anaerobic fermentation is better than that prepared by aerobic fermentation.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(6):3669-3679]
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