Effects of Soybean Oil and Cottonseed Oil Diets on Growth Performance and Lipid and Energy Metabolism of Spotted Seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus)
The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of soybean oil and cottonseed oil on the growth performance and lipid and energy metabolism of spotted seabass,with a view to developing an alternative oil source to soybean oil.Two hundred healthy spotted seabass with an initial body weight of(62.40±0.01)g were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate.Two groups were fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets of different oil sources based on practical basal feed for-mulation,namely soybean oil group(SO group)and cottonseed oil group(CO group)diets.The experiment lasted for 10 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the feed conversion ratio of CO group was significantly lower than that of SO group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in morphometric parameters,whole-body nutritional composition,nutrient conversion rates and economic benefits between two groups(P＞0.05).2)The liver cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)content of CO group was significantly lower than that of SO group(P＜0.05),and the mRNA relative expression levels of basal metabolism related genes cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein(CREB)and adenosine monophosphate-acti-vated protein kinase(AMPK)in liver were significantly lower than those of SO group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the histopathological sections in liver and hindgut and the liver inflammatory cyto-kines and plasma immune factor contents between two groups(P＞0.05).3)The plasma alanine aminotrans-ferase(ALT)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activities and total bile acids(TBA)and total cholesterol(TC)contents of CO group were significantly higher than those of SO group(P＜0.05),but the liver TC and triglyceride(TG)contents were significantly lower than SO group(P＜0.05).4)The mRNA relative expres-sion levels of lipogenesis[acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC1)and fatty acid synthase(FASN)],lipolysis[monoacylglycerol lipase(MAGL)and adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL)],fatty acid β-oxidation[peroxi-some proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα)],adipocyte differentiation[peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ)and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α(C/EBPα)],cholesterol metabolism[apoli-poprotein Bα(APOBα)],adipocyte stasis[fatty acid-binding protein 1(FABP1)and monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2α(MGAT2α)],adipocyte conversion[lipid droplet-encapsulated protein 2(PLIN2)]and bile acid metabolism related genes[cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase(CYP7A1)]in liver of CO group were signifi-cantly lower than those of SO group(P＜0.05).5)The liver stearic acid(C18:0)content of CO group was significantly higher than that of SO group(P＜0.05),the contents of oleic acid(C18∶ln-9),palmitoleic acid(C16∶1),gadoleic acid(C20∶1),neuronic acid(C24∶1),linolenic acid(C18∶3n-3),octadecatrienoic acid(C18∶3n-6)and eichlerianic acid(C20∶3n-6)contents were significantly lower than those of SO group(P＜0.05).In conclusion,compared with the soybean oil diet,feeding cottonseed oil diet can reduce the body bas-al energy and lipolysis metabolism of spotted seabass,thus reduce the feed coefficient and improve the growth performance.The cottonseed oil can effectively replace the use of soybean oil in the feed formulation of spotted seabass and reduce the feed cost.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(6):3903-3919]
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