摘要
本试验旨在研究二甲酸钾(KDF)对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、养分表观代谢率和肠道环境的影响.选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡180只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加1(KDF-1组)和2 g/kg(KDF-2组)的KDF.试验期42 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组在1～21日龄的平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)显著降低(P＜0.05);各组肉鸡在22～42日龄的平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P＜0.05),F/G显著降低(P＜0.05);KDF-1组和KDF-2组1～42日龄肉鸡的ADFI和F/G显著降低(P＜0.05).2)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组肉鸡的腿肌率显著提高(P＜0.05).KDF-2组的半净膛率和全净膛率显著高于对照组和KDF-1组(P＜0.05).3)KDF-2组肉鸡干物质、能量和粗蛋白质表观代谢率显著高于对照组和KDF-1组(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组空肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比显著提高(P＜0.05),其中KDF-2组显著高于KDF-1组(P＜0.05).KDF-1组和KDF-2组回肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).5)KDF-1组和KDF-2组十二指肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),其中KDF-2组的淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于KDF-1组(P＜0.05).KDF-2组空肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组和KDF-1组(P＜0.05),而KDF-1组空肠脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性高于对照组(P＜0.05).KDF-1组和KDF-2组回肠脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),且KDF-2组回肠脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著高于KDF-1组(P＜0.05).6)与对照组相比,KDF-1组和KDF-2组回肠细菌总数、大肠杆菌数量、乳酸杆菌数量、双歧杆菌数量和芽孢杆菌数量显著降低(P＜0.05).综上所述,饲粮中添加2 g/kg的KDF可以提高肉鸡的生长性能,改善肠道形态和维持肠道健康.
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of potassium diformate(KDF)on growth performance,slaughter performance,nutrient apparent metabolism rate and intestinal environment of broiler chickens.A total of 180 one-day-old AA broiler chickens were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with six replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental groups was supplemented with 1(KDF-1 group)and 2 g/kg(KDF-2 group)KDF in the basic diet,respectively.The experimental period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)the aver-age daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed to gain(F/G)in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups at 1 to 21 days of age were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the average daily gain(ADG)of broiler chickens in each group significantly increased(P＜0.05),and F/G significantly decreased(P＜0.05)at 22 to 42 days of age;the ADFI and F/G of broiler chickens at 1 to 42 days of age in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups significantly reduced(P＜0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the leg muscle rate of broiler chickens in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups significantly increased(P＜0.05).The semi-eviscerated weight rate and evis-cerated carcass weight rate in the KDF-2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group and KDF-1 group(P＜0.05).3)The nutrient apparent metabolic rates of dry matter,total energy,and crude pro-tein in the KDF-2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group and KDF-1 group(P＜0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the villus height and villus to crypt ratio of the jejunum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups significantly increased(P＜0.05),with the KDF-2 group being higher than the KDF-1 group(P＜0.05).The villus height and villus to crypt ratio of the ileum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups were signif-icantly higher than those in the CON group(P＜0.05).5)The activities of lipase,amylase,and trypsin in the duodenum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Among them,the activities of amylase and trypsin in the KDF-2 group were significantly higher than those in the KDF-1 group(P＜0.05).The activities of lipase,amylase,and trypsin in the KDF-2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group and KDF-1 group(P＜0.05),while the activities of lipase and trypsin in the KDF-1 group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The activi-ties of lipase,amylase,and trypsin in the ileum in the KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05),and the activities of lipase and trypsin in the KDF-2 group were signifi-cantly higher than those in the KDF-1 group(P＜0.05).6)Compared with the control group,the number of total bacterial,Escherichia coli,lactobacillus,bifidobacteria and bacillus in the ileum in KDF-1 and KDF-2 groups were significantly reduced(P＜0.05).In conclusion,the inclusion of 2 g/kg KDF in the diet of broiler chickens can improve growth performance,enhance intestinal morphology,and maintain intestinal health.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(7):4293-4303]
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301602)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IFR-11)
维普
万方数据