摘要
本试验旨在探究乳酸菌肽聚糖对黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)的吸附作用,为乳酸菌肽聚糖的制备和饲粮中AFB1的脱毒提供科学依据及理论基础.试验以4种乳酸菌(嗜酸乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌)为原料提取乳酸菌肽聚糖,采用高效液相色谱法比较4种乳酸菌肽聚糖对AFB1的体外吸附率,选取体外吸附效果最好的罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖进行动物试验.选择1日龄健康樱桃谷鸭120只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,AFB1组在基础饲粮中添加0.10 mg/kg AFB1,试验组在AFB1组饲粮中分别添加0.10％(I组)、0.15％(Ⅱ组)和0.20％(Ⅲ组)罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖.预试期3 d,正试期21 d.结果表明:1)乳酸菌肽聚糖种类、添加量及二者的交互作用均能够显著影响AFB1的体外吸附率(P＜0.05),其中10.0 mg/mL罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖对AFB1的体外吸附率最高,达75.29％.2)与对照组相比,AFB1组的平均日增重、平均日采食量显著降低(P＜0.05),料重比显著升高(P＜0.05);血浆谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P＜0.05),肝脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数显著升高(P＜0.05),血浆免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著降低(P＜0.05).3)与AFB1组相比,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日增重显著升高(P＜0.05),料重比显著降低(P＜0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ 组的血浆 IgG、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4 含量和 SOD、GSH-Px活性显著升高(P＜0.05),血浆AST、AKP、ALT活性及MDA含量显著降低(P＜0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的胸腺和法氏囊指数显著降低(P＜0.05).由此可见,不同乳酸菌肽聚糖对AFB1体外吸附效果不同,饲粮中添加罗伊氏乳杆菌肽聚糖能够部分消除AFB1对雏鸭造成的生长性能下降,改善AFB1所导致的免疫功能降低以及肝脏毒性.
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to explore the adsorption effect of lactic acid bacteria peptidoglycan on aflatoxin B1(AFB1),so as to provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of lactic acid bacteria pepti-doglycan and the detoxification of AFB1 in diet.The experiment used 4 types of lactic acid bacteria(Lactoba-cillus acidophilus,Streptococcus thermophilus,Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus plantarum)as raw ma-terials to extract lactic acid bacteria peptidoglycan,the in vitro adsorption rates of 4 types of lactic acid bacteria peptidoglycan on AFB1 were compared by high-performance liquid chromatography,and the Lactobacillus reu-teri peptidoglycan with the best in vitro adsorption effect was selected for animal experiment.A total of 120 healthy Cherry Valley ducks were allocated into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 6 ducks per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,the AFB1 group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1 mg/kg AFB1,and the experimental groups were fed the AFB1 group diets supplemented with 0.10％(group Ⅰ),0.15％(group Ⅱ)and 0.20％(group Ⅲ)Lactobacillus reuteri peptidoglycan,respectively.The pre-experi-mental period lasted for 3 days,and the experimental period lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)the species,addition amount and their interaction of lactic acid bacteria peptidoglycan could significantly af-fect the in vitro adsorption rates for AFB1(P＜0.05),and the 10.0 mg/mL Lactobacillus reuteri peptidoglycan had the highest in vitro adsorption rates for AFB1,which reached 75.29％.2)Compared with the control group,the average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake of the AFB1 group were significantly de-creased(P＜0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly increased(P＜0.05);the aspartate aminotrans-ferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in plasma were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the liver,spleen,thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),γ-interferon(IFN-γ),interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4)contents and superoxide dis-mutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in plas-ma were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).3)Compared with the AFB1 group,the average daily weight gain of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the IgG,IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4 contents and SOD,GSH-Px activities in plasma of groupsⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the AST,AKP,ALT activities and MDA content in plasma were significantly decreased(P＜0.05);the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ andⅢ were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In conclusion,the lactic acid bacteria peptidoglycan has different in vitro adsorption capacity on AFB1.Dietary supplemented with Lactobacillus reuteri peptidoglycan has a certain recovery effect on the decline in growth performance of ducklings affected by AFB1,and can improve the re-duced immune function and liver toxicity caused by AFB1.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(7):4339-4349]
基金项目
山东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-21-03)
山东省新旧动能转换重大产业攻关项目(2021-50)
山东省高等学校低碳绿色养殖新技术研发中心项目(2022)()
万方数据